Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship (벤처창업연구)

The Korean Society of Business Venturing (한국벤처창업학회)
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Invigorating Makerspaces in Korea: Empirical Analysis on Operating Components of Makerspaces

한국형 메이커스페이스 활성화를 위한 운영요소 분석 연구

  • Kwon, Hyeog-In (Dept. of Business Administration, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Kim, Ju-Ho (Dept. of Arts & Cultural Management, Chung-Ang University)
  • 권혁인 (중앙대학교 경영학부) ;
  • 김주호 (중앙대학교 문화예술경영학과)
  • Received : 2019.02.18
  • Accepted : 2019.04.29
  • Published : 2019.04.30
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Abstract

New manufactural innovation was generated with combination with Do It Yourself(DIY) culture and Information and Communication Technology(ICT). It led people to make their creative idea in real things and share them. This social movement has been called as 'Maker' culture. As maker culture was developed, the places named 'Makerspace' with high-tech equipment and sharing environment have been widely spread and gotten spotlight. Futhermore, makerspaces have been diffused rapidly in Korea; because of its importance for the fourth industrial revolution. However, the operation of makerspaces is not matured as much as its popularity, so problems occurred in operating aspects. The number of related studies is not enough to foster domestic maker culture in Korea. Of that, studies on operation of makerspaces were limited and the quantity of survey sample was insufficient. Therefore, firstly, in this study, operation elements of makerspaces were extracted by literature review. And, survey for examining the extracted elements was conducted to four policy makers and researchers, four makerspace operators and four makers. Final survey was carried out by Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA) method to fifty recipients composed of policy makers and researchers, operators, and makers. In result, importance located above performance in every elements and in-depth interview was followed to understand domestic surroundings and suggest way to invigorate makerspaces in Korea. The suggestion shows as follows. First, online and offline platform for makers should be expanded; second, makerspace should connect private sponsorship with makers or their projects; third, policy direction has to be improved from venturing business to diffusion of maker culture; fourth, basic maker education should be enlarged.

자신이 원하는 것을 스스로 제작하는 DIY 운동이 ICT 기술과 만나 새로운 제조의 혁신을 불러일으켰다. 제조의 혁신은 사람들의 창의적인 아이디어와 그것을 만들고 공유하고자 하는 욕구를 통해 메이커(Maker) 문화를 탄생시켰다. 메이커 문화가 발전함에 따라, 장비를 제공하고 협업을 도모하는 메이커스페이스에 대한 관심이 자연스럽게 높아졌다. 메이커가 4차 산업 혁명 시대의 제조 혁신에 대한 열쇠라는 인식이 확산되면서 국내에 메이커스페이스 조성의 붐이 일어났다. 그러나 활발히 조성되는 메이커스페이스에 비해 국내의 메이커 문화는 미숙하다. 그로 인해 메이커스페이스의 운영에도 여러 문제가 발생한다. 이러한 미숙한 메이커 문화의 원인 중 하나로 부족한 국내의 메이커 관련 연구를 들 수 있다. 그 중에서도 메이커스페이스의 운영요소에 대한 연구는 부족하며, 적은 표본의 수 등의 한계점이 존재한다. 따라서 본 연구는 우선적으로 문헌연구를 통해 메이커스페이스의 운영 요소를 도출했다. 이어서 메이커스페이스 관련 정책 입안자 및 연구자, 메이커스페이스 운영관련자, 메이커스페이스를 사용하는 이용자, 총 12인을 대상으로 도출된 41개 운영요소의 타당 여부를 확인하는 설문을 진행했다. 설문을 통해 수정된 최종 51개의 운영요소에 대하여 정책 입안자 및 연구자, 운영관련자, 이용자로 구성된 총 50인의 전문가를 대상으로 중요도-만족도 분석(IPA)과 결과 분석의 오류를 방지하기 위한 GAP 분석을 실시했다. 설문 결과, 모든 운영요소에 대해 중요도가 만족도를 상회했다. 이를 기반으로 운영자 3인을 대상으로 국내 메이커스페이스의 현황과 한국형 메이커스페이스 활성화 방안 도출을 위한 심층인터뷰를 추가로 진행했다. 앞서 진행된 조사 결과를 바탕으로, 메이커를 위한 온 오프라인 플랫폼 확충, 민간 후원을 위한 연결, 창업에 편중된 메이커 관련 정책의 변화, 메이커 기본 교육의 확대를 한국형 메이커스페이스 활성화 방안으로 제안했다.

Keywords

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