Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research (현장농수산연구지)

Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries (국립한국농수산대학교 교육개발센터)
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Comparison of Cold Hardiness in Canes and Buds of Kiwifruit Cultivars

품종에 따른 키위나무 눈과 가지의 내한성 비교

  • Kim, H.L. (Namhae Branch, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Chae, W.B. (Namhae Branch, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Kim, J.G. (Department of Horticulture, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Lee, M.H. (Namhae Branch, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Rhee, H.C. (Namhae Branch, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Kim, S.H. (Department of Fruit Science, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries) ;
  • Kwack, Y.B. (Department of Fruit Science, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries)
  • 김홍림 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원) ;
  • 채원병 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원) ;
  • 김진국 (국립경상대학교 원예학과) ;
  • 이목희 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원) ;
  • 이한철 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원) ;
  • 김승희 (국립한국농수산대학 과수학과) ;
  • 곽용범 (국립한국농수산대학 과수학과)
  • Received : 2019.03.06
  • Accepted : 2019.04.30
  • Published : 2019.06.28
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Abstract

In Korea kiwifruit growing area is limited to southern coastal region and Jeju island, partly due to the lack of information on their cold hardiness in winter. This study was carried out to investigate cold hardiness of Korean kiwifruit cultivars in a period of dormancy for using it as preliminary data to expand the cultivation area of kiwifruit in Korea. A total of five kiwifruit cultivars in two species and hybrid, Actinidia deliciosa ('Hayward' and 'Garmrok'), A. chinensis ('Goldone') and A. arguta hybrid ('Bangwoori' and 'Skinny Green') were subjected to five freezing treatments of -12℃, -15℃, -18℃, -21℃ and -24℃. Cell membrane damage in all cultivars initiated in -18℃/32h and cell membrane stability was lost in -24℃ in most cultivars, except for 'Skinny Green'. Cold hardiness was estimated by 50% lethal temperature (LT50) which was determined by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) reduction. In branches, LT50 was -15℃ in 'Hayward' and 'Garmrok', -18℃ in 'Bangwoori' and -21℃ in 'Goldone.' The LT50 of buds on 'Hayward' and 'Garmrok' was 56 and 42 hours in -15℃ and 4 and 11 hours in -18℃, respectively; however, LT50 of buds on 'Goldone' was 51 hours in -18℃ and that on 'Bangwoori' was 3 hours in -24℃. Cold hardiness results imply that it may be difficult for cultivars in A. deliciosa such as 'Hayward' and 'Garmrok' to be grown in the north of southern coastal region in Korea; however, it can be possible for several cultivars in A. chinensis and A. arguta hybrid to be grown in the northern part of Korean kiwifruit belt if cold tolerance in the thaw is confirmed.

국내 키위 재배지역은 품종별 내한성에 대한 정보부재로 남부 해안지역과 제주도에 국한돼 있다. 본 연구는 국내육성 품종의 휴면기 내한성을 구명하여 국내품종의 확대보급을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 수행하였다. 본 연구는 국내외에서 육성된 5품종(Actinidia deliciosa, A. chinensis, A. arguta hybrid)을 대상으로 수행했으며, 내한성 처리는 -12℃, -15℃, -18℃, -21℃, -24℃ 5수준을 처리했다. A. deliciosa와 A. chinensis 계열의 세포막 손상은 -18℃/32h 노출 시 시작되며, -24℃에서는 '스키니그린'을 제외한 모든 품종의 막 구조물 안정성이 상실된다. TTC 환원율에 기초한 가지의 내한성(LT50)은 '헤이워드', '감록'이 -15℃, '방울이'는 -18℃ 그리고 '골드원'은 -21℃에서 유효하였다. 품종별 눈의 내한성(LT50)이 상실되는 조건은 '헤이워드', '감록'은 -15℃에서 각각 56시간과 42시간 노출 조건이었고, -18℃에서는 각각 4시간과 11시간 노출에서 LT50 수준에 도달하는 것으로 추정되었다. '골드원'은 -18℃에서는 51시간 노출에서 내한성이 상실되었다. 방울이'는 -24℃/3 h 노출에서 내한성이 상실되었다. 따라서 본 연구는 '헤이워드', '감록'과 같은 A. deliciosa에 속한 품종은 남부지역에 제한된 재배영역을 벗어나기 어려울 것으로 판단되나, A. chinensis인 '골드원'과 A. arguta hybrid인 '방울이', '스키니그린'은 해빙기 내한성이 확인된다면 재배지역의 북상 확대가 가능하리라 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 농촌진흥청 연구개발과제(PJ010986)에 의해 수행된 결과이며 이에 감사드립니다.

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