References
- Rushen J, de Passille AMB, Munksgaard L. Fear of people by cows and effects on milk yield, behavior, and heart rate at milking. J Dairy Sci 1999;82:720-7. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(99)75289-6
- Kilgour RJ, Melville GJ, Greenwood PL. Individual differences in the reaction of beef cattle to situations involving social isolation, close proximity of humans, restraint and novelty. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2006;99:21-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2005.09.012
- Dodzi MS, Muchenje V. Avoidance-related behavioural variables and their relationship to milk yield in pasture-based dairy cows. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2011;133:11-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2011.04.014
- Muller R, Schrader L. Behavioural consistency during social separation and personality in dairy cows. Behaviour 2005;142:1289-306. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853905774539346
- Grandin T, Shivley C. How farm animals react and perceive stressful situations such as handling, restraint, and transport. Animals 2015;5:1233-51. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani5040409
- Browning R, Leite-Browning ML. Comparative stress responses to short transport and related events in Hereford and Brahman steers. J Anim Sci 2013;91:957-69. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2012-5157
- Mormede P, Andanson S, Auperin B, et al. Exploration of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function as a tool to evaluate animal welfare. Physiol Behav 2007;92:317-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.12.003
- Cook NJ. Review: Minimally invasive sampling media and the measurement of corticosteroids as biomarkers of stress in animals. Can J Anim Sci 2012;92:227-59. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjas2012-045
- Rushen J. Problems associated with the interpretation of physiological data in the assessment of animal welfare. Appl Anim Behav Sci 1991;28:381-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(91)90170-3
- Touma C, Palme R. Measuring fecal glucocorticoid metabolites in mammals and birds: the importance of validation. Ann NY Acad Sci 2005;1046:54-74. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1343.006
- Palme R, Robia Ch, Messmann S, Hofer J, Mostl E. Measurement of faecal cortisol metabolites in ruminants: a noninvasive parameter of adrenocortical function. Wien Tierarztl Monatsschr 1999;86:237-41.
- Duarte RBM, Patrono E, Borges AC, et al. High versus low fat/sugar food affects the behavioral, but not the cortisol response of marmoset monkeys in a conditioned-place-preference task. Physiol Behav 2015;139:442-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.11.065
- Yarnell K, Hall C, Royle C, Walker SL. Domesticated horses differ in their behavioural and physiological responses to isolated and group housing. Physiol Behav 2015;143:51-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.02.040
- Grandin T. Assessment of stress during handling and transport. J Anim Sci 1997;75:249-57. https://doi.org/10.2527/1997.751249x
- Gruber SL, Tatum JD, Engle TE, et al. Relationships of behavioral and physiological symptoms of preslaughter stress to beef longissimus muscle tenderness. J Anim Sci 2010;88:1148-59. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2009-2183
- Vining RF, McGinley RA, Maksvytis JJ, Ho KY. Salivary cortisol:a better measure of adrenal cortical function than serum cortisol. Ann Clin Biochem 1983;329-35.
- Negrao JA, Porcionato MA, de Passille AM, Rushen J. Cortisol in saliva and plasma of cattle after ACTH administration and milking. J Dairy Sci 2004;87:1713-8. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73324-X
- Singh SP, Natesan R, Sharma N, Singh MK, Rahal A. Lipopolysaccharide exposure modifies salivary and circulating level of cortisol in goats. Small Rumin Res 2018;162:30-3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.02.010
- Greenwood PL, Shutt DA. Salivary and plasma cortisol as an index of stress in goats. Aust Vet J 1992;69:161-3. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1992.tb07501.x
- Fell LR, Shutt DA, Bentley CJ. Development of a salivary cortisol method for detecting changes in plasma “free” cortisol arising from acute stress in sheep. Aust Vet J 1985;62:403-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1985.tb14120.x
- Yates DT, Ross TT, Hallford DM, Yates LJ, Wesley RL. Technical note: Comparison of salivary and serum cortisol concentrations after adrenocorticotropic hormone challenge in ewes. J Anim Sci 2010;88:599-603. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2009-2204
- Schwinn AC, Knight CH, Bruckmaier RM, Gross JJ. Suitability of saliva cortisol as a biomarker for hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation assessment, effects of feeding actions, and immunostimulatory challenges in dairy cows. J Anim Sci 2016;94:2357-65. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2015-0260
- Hernandez CE, Thierfelder T, Svennersten-Sjaunja K, et al. Time lag between peak concentrations of plasma and salivary cortisol following a stressful procedure in dairy cattle. Acta Vet Scand 2014;56:61. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-014-0061-3
- Goldhawk C, Bond G, Grandin T, Pajor E. Behaviour of bucking bulls prior to rodeo performances and relation to rodeo and human activities. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2016;181:63-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2016.05.015
- Sanchez-Rodriguez HL, Vann RC, Youngblood RC, et al. Evaluation of pulsatility index and diameter of the jugular vein and superficial body temperature as physiological indices of temperament in weaned beef calves: Relationship with serum cortisol concentrations, rectal temperature, and sex. Livest Sci 2013;151:228-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2012.10.019
- Morrow CJ, Kolver ES, Verkerk GA, Matthews LR. Fecal glucocorticoid metabolites as a measure of adrenal activity in dairy cattle. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2002;126:229-41. https://doi.org/10.1006/gcen.2002.7797
- Bousquet-Melou A, Formentini E, Picard-Hagen N, et al. The adrenocorticotropin stimulation test: Contribution of a physiologically based model developed in horse for its interpretation in different pathophysiological situations encountered in man. Endocrinology 2006;147:4281-91. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2005-1161
- Geburt K, Piechotta M, Konig von Borstel U, Gauly M. Influence of testosterone on the docility of German Simmental and Charolais heifers during behavior tests. Physiol Behav 2015;141:164-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.01.030
- Aurich J, Wulf M, Ille N, et al. Effects of season, age, sex, and housing on salivary cortisol concentrations in horses. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2015;52:11-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.domaniend.2015.01.003
- Olbrich D, Dittmar M. The cortisol awakening response is related with PERIOD1 clock gene expression in older women. Exp Gerontol 2012;47:527-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2012.04.009
- Xavier SS, Allwin B, Vedaminckam S, Kalyaan US. Changes in the fecal concentrations of cortisol metabolites in response to stress in Gaurs (Bos gaurus) in three wildlife regions with respect to climatic change and conflict occurence-A noninvasive study. Int J Appl Pure Sci Agric 2015;1:64-91.
- Huber S, Palme R, Arnold W. Effects of season, sex and sample collection on concentrations of faecal cortisol metabolites in red deer (Cervus elaphus). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2003;130:48-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-6480(02)00535-X
- Forkman B, Boissy A, Meunier-Salaun MC, Canali E, Jones RB. A critical review of fear tests used on cattle, pigs, sheep, poultry and horses. Physiol Behav 2007;92:340-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.03.016
- Munksgaard L, De Passille AM, Rushen J, Thodberg K, Jensen MB. Discrimination of people by dairy cows based on handling. J Dairy Res1997;80:1106-12. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(97)76036-3
- Dunn CS. Stress reactions of cattle undergoing ritual slaughter using two methods of restraint. Vet Rec 1990;126:522-5.
Cited by
- Characterization and assessment of vocalization responses of cows to different physiological states vol.49, pp.1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2021.1967756
- The Relation between Hair-Cortisol Concentration and Various Welfare Assessments of Dutch Dairy Farms vol.11, pp.3, 2019, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030821