Research in Plant Disease (식물병연구)

The Korean Society of Plant Pathology (한국식물병리학회)
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Pathogenicity of a sclerotia-forming fungus, Sclerotinia trifoliorum BWC98-105, to burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus)

균핵형성균 Sclerotinia trifoliorum BWC98-105의 가시박에 대한 병원성

  • 김달수 (자연만발(주)) ;
  • 이재호 ((주)그린바이오텍) ;
  • 최우봉 (동의대학교 바이오응용공학부 의생명공학전공) ;
  • 황창일 (권농종묘(주)) ;
  • 조남규 ((주)목우연구소) ;
  • 최상봉 (명지대학교 자연과학대학 생명과학정보학과)
  • Received : 2018.11.02
  • Accepted : 2018.12.10
  • Published : 2019.03.31
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Abstract

Burcucumber (Sicyos angluatus) is a representative ecosystem-disturbing plant in Korea and currently widely spread throughout the country. A sclerotia-forming fungus with moderate host selectivity, Sclerotinia trifoliorum BWC98-105, was tested in the laboratory, green house and natural habitat for its pathogenicity to burcucumber. When mycelial culture fragment was inoculated to burcucumber seedlings under the green house condition, mycelial growth was observed in the following day, and then resulted in the onset of wilting from 5 days after inoculation (DAI). Its characteristic sclerotia as a sign was observed from 7 DAI, and thus plants turned into dark-brown color at the bottom of stem of burcucumber that was eventually blighted at 14 DAI. Similar visible symptoms were observed in natural habitat. Based on the results of showing typical blight symptom to burcucumber and the sign of sclerotia, we report S. trifoliorum BWC98-105 causing stem blight against burcucumber. Its globular pellet was considered of having quite potential as a bioherbicide to control burcucumber in Korea.

가시박(Sicyos angulatus)은 대표적인 외래 생태계교란식물로 전국적으로 확산되어 발생하고 있다. 국내에서 기주선택성이 있으면서 균핵을 형성하는 Sclerotinia trifoliorum BWC98-105 균주의 균사 배양체와 구형 펠렛으로 가시박에 대한 병원성을 실내, 온실 및 현장실험에서 확인하였다. 온실실험에서 균사 배양체는 접종 후 익일부터 균사생장이 관찰되었고, 5일부터 시들기 시작하였고, 7일부터 특징적인 표징(sign)인 균핵의 형성이 관찰되었고, 14일 시점에서는 식물체가 고사되고 대부분의 균핵이 성숙한 갈색으로 변했다. 이러한 현상은 현장실험에서도 확인되었다. 따라서 S. trifoliorum BWC98-105의 가시박에 대한 줄기마름병(stem blight) 증상을 보고하고자 한다. 또한 균핵형성균 S. trifoliorum BWC98-105의 균핵으로 제조된 구형 펠렛은 향후 가시박 관리를 위한 바이오제초제로써 가능성이 높다고 사료되었다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Sclerotia and its globular pellets of Sclerotinia trifoliorum BWC98-105. (A) Sclerotia in dormant stage harvested after culture on PDA (potato dextrose agar) medium. (B) Globular pellets containing a single sclerotium per pellet. Scale bars = 5 mm.

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Fig. 2. Disease symptoms caused by Sclerotinia trifoliorum BWC98- 105 on burcucumber plants. (A) Mycelial growth at basal node and sclerotium formation. (B) Wilting symptom of the infected plant (right panel) distinct from untreated plant (left panel).

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Fig. 3. Pathogenicity of globular pellets composed of sclerotia of Sclerotinia trifoliorum BWC98-105 in natural habitat. (A) Untreated control habitat of burcucumber plants. (B) Habitat treated with sclerotia-containing pellets. Note the wilted burcucumbers in the location treated with pellets. (C) Pathogenic infection in progress on stem, bight symptoms on stem, and sclerotia naturally formed on blighted stems crawling over soil surface.

Table 1. Effect of Sclerotinia trifoliorum BWC98-105 in globular pellets assessed by area coverage to control burcucumbers occurred naturally along the river through Seongnam city, Korea

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