Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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Analysis of Rainfall-Runoff Characteristics in Gokgyochun Basin Using a Runoff Model

유출모형을 이용한 곡교천 유역의 강우-유출 특성 분석

  • Hwan, Byungl-Ki (Division of Civi Engineering, Sang-Myung University) ;
  • Cho, Yong-Soo (Division of Civi Engineering, Sang-Myung University) ;
  • Yang, Seung-Bin (Department of Environmental Resources, Sang-Myung University)
  • 황병기 (상명대학교 건설시스템공학부) ;
  • 조용수 (상명대학교 건설시스템공학부) ;
  • 양승빈 (상명대학교 환경자원학과)
  • Received : 2018.10.11
  • Accepted : 2019.02.01
  • Published : 2019.02.28
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Abstract

In this study, the HEC-HMS was applied to determine rainfall-runoff processes for the Gokgyuchun basin. Several sub-basins have large-scale reservoirs for agricultural needs and they store large amounts of initial runoff. Three infiltration methods were implemented to reflect the effect of initial loss by reservoirs: 'SCS-CN'(Scheme I), 'SCS-CN' with simple surface method(Scheme II), and 'Initial and Constant rate'(Scheme III). Modeling processes include incorporating three different methods for loss due to infiltration, Clark's UH model for transformation, exponential recession model for baseflow, and Muskingum model for channel routing. The parameters were calibrated using an optimization technique with trial and error method. Performance measures, such as NSE, RAR, and PBIAS, were adopted to aid in the calibration processes. The model performance for those methods was evaluated at Gangcheong station, which is the outlet of study site. Good accuracy in predicting runoff volume and peak flow, and peak time was obtained using the Scheme II and III, considering the initial loss, whereas Scheme I showed low reliability for storms. Scheme III did not show good matches between observed and simulated values for storms with multi peaks. Conclusively, Scheme II provided better results for both single and multi-peak storms. The results of this study can provide a useful tool for decision makers to determine master plans for regional flood control management.

곡교천 유역의 홍수-유출 특성을 파악하는 연구를 수행하기 위하여 HEC-HMS 모형을 적용하였다. 이 유역은 일부 소유역에서 대규모 농업용 저수지가 있어 소유역으로부터 발생한 초기 유출이 저수지에 의해서 상당량 저류되는 특징을 갖고 있다. 이러한 현상을 반영하기 위하여 3가지 침투모의 방법을 사용하였으며, 방법 1은 기존의 유출곡선지수법, 방법 2는 방법 1에 표면법 기능을 추가한 방법, 방법 3은 초기 및 일정손실율 방법이다. 모형은 3가지 방법으로 손실계산, Clark의 단위도법으로 강우의 직접유출 변환, 지수함수적 감소법으로 기저유량, Muskingum 법으로 하도추적 하는 과정을 포함한다. 모형에서 최적화 기법을 시행착오법과 병행하여 최적화 변수를 도출하였다. NSE, RAR, and PBIAS 등의 평가지표를 사용하여 모형의 보정을 수행하였다. 유출체적, 첨두유량, 첨두발생시각 등에 대하여 모의치와 실측치를 비교한 결과 초기손실을 반영할 수 있도록 설계된 방법2와 3에서 우수한 결과를 나타낸 반면, 그렇지 못한 방법 1은 모의치와 실측치의 차이가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 복합 강우인 경우에 방법 3은 방법 2에 비하여 좋은 결과를 나타내지 못하였다. 결론적으로 방법 2가 단일 강우나 복합강우 모두 좋은 결과를 주는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 정책입안자가 홍수관리대책을 수립하는 데 유용한 도구로서 사용되어 질 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Location of study site showing rainfall and discharge monitoring stations

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Fig. 2. Model segmentation implemented in HEC-HMS

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Table 6. Comparition of observed and simulated results for model verification

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Fig. 3. Comparition of calculated and observed results for storm event (July 17-18. 2014)

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Fig. 4. Comparition of calculated and observed results for storm event (July 23-24. 2015)

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Fig. 5. Comparition of calculated and observed results for storm event (July 4-6. 2016)

Table 1. Hydrological characteristics of Gokgyochun watershed

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Table 2. Topographical parameters of sub-basins

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Table 3. Calibration results of model parameters for infiltration methods

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Table 4. Calibration results of model parameters for runoff processes

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Table 5. Calibration results of model parameters for channel routing

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