DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

2016년 태풍 차바 내습 전후의 해운대 해빈의 침식과 회복 과정

Erosion and Recovery Processes in Haeundae Beach by the Invading Typhoon Chaba in 2016

  • 이영윤 (한국해양대학교 해양환경학과) ;
  • 장태수 (한국해양대학교 해양환경학과)
  • Lee, Young Yun (Department of Ocean Science, Korea Maritime and Ocean University) ;
  • Chang, Tae Soo (Department of Ocean Science, Korea Maritime and Ocean University)
  • 투고 : 2018.12.26
  • 심사 : 2019.02.22
  • 발행 : 2019.02.28

초록

부산의 해운대 해수욕장은 양빈에도 불구하고 지속적인 침식이 일어나고 있으며, 지구온난화로 인한 파랑 에너지 증가와 간헐적인 태풍이 그 원인으로 알려져 있다. 2016년 10월 태풍 차바는 부산을 내습하였는데, 태풍이 해빈침식에 있어 어느 정도 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위해 태풍 전과 후 VRS-GPS 시스템을 사용해 해빈 측량과 표층 시료를 채취하여 입도분석을 실시하였으며, 침식 후 복원이 어느 정도 되는지 주기적으로 해운대 해빈 지형을 측량하였다. 조사결과, 태풍 내습 직후 해운대 해빈은 평균 약 1.4m 침식되어 낮아졌고, 평균 고조위선은 약 12 m 후퇴했으며, 이에 따라 해빈 경사는 $3.8^{\circ}$에서 $1.7^{\circ}$로 완만해졌다. 퇴적물 평균입도는 평균 $1.6{\Phi}$에서 2개월 후 $1.2{\Phi}$로 조립해졌으며, 분급은 상대적으로 좋아졌다. 태풍 내습 2개월 만에 평균 고조위선은 약 85% 정도 회복되고 해빈 단면은 대부분 복원되었다. 이러한 결과는 해운대 해빈 침식에 있어 태풍의 영향은 크지 않으며, 다른 해빈과 비교할 때 회복기간이 매우 짧다는 것을 시사한다.

In spite of continued nourishments, Haeundae Beach in Busan has been suffering from erosion, this being caused by the increased wave energy due to global warming and intermittent typhoon reported by previous works. In the meantime, the typhoon Chaba hit Basan in October 2016. In order to investigate the effects of the typhoon in beach erosion and how fast the beach recovered after the typhoon, repeated beach profiling using a VRS-GPS system was carried out, and the grain size analyses for surface sediments sampled on the beach were conducted. Immediately after the typhoon invasion, Haeundae beach was eroded by 1.4 m in average height. The mean high tide lines were retreated back by 12 m, and beach slope became gentler from $3.8^{\circ}$ to $1.7^{\circ}$. The mean grain sizes of surface sediments became coarser from $1.6{\Phi}$ to $1.2{\Phi}$ after two months, and the sorting well sorted. After two months of typhoon landfall, the mean high tide lines have recovered by 85%, and the beach topography almost recovered. This suggests that the impact of typhoons on Haeundae beach erosion is negligible, and the relaxation time is shorter than that of other beaches.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Baek, Y.S., Lee, H.J., Lee, S.H., Shin D.H., Late Holocene shallow marine sand sheet in the Haeundae coast, Korea. Ocean Science Journal, doi:10.1007/s12601-018-0063-6.
  2. Choi, K.H., Jung, P.M., Kim, Y., Suh, M.H., 2012, Erosion and recovery of coastal dunes after tropical storms. Journal of The Korean Geomorphological Association, 19, 17-27. (in Korean)
  3. Davidson-Arnott, R.G.D., 2005, Conceptual model of the effects of sea level rise on sandy coasts. Journal of Coastal Research, 21, 1166-1172. https://doi.org/10.2112/03-0051.1
  4. Do, K., Yoo, J., Lee, H.J., Do, J.D., Jin, J.Y., 2015, Field observations of spatial structure of hydrodynamics Including waves and currents in the Haeundae coast. Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers, 27, 2288-2227. (in Korean)
  5. Fitzgerald, D.M., Fenster, M.S., Argow, B.A., Buynevich, I.V., 2008, Coastal impacts due to sea-level rise. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 36, 601-647. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.35.031306.140139
  6. Friedman, G.M. and Johnson, K.G., 1982, Exercises in Sedimentology. John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA, 208 p.
  7. Houser, C. and Hamilton, S., 2009, Sensitivity of post-hurricane beach and dune recovery to event frequency. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 34, 613-628. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.1730
  8. Kang, T.S., Kim, J.B., Kim, G.Y., Kim, J.K., Hwang, C.S., 2017, Variation characteristics of Haeundae beach using video image. Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology, 31, 60-68. (in Korean) https://doi.org/10.5574/KSOE.2017.31.1.060
  9. Kim, S.Y., Jeong, J.B., Lee, B.K., 2012, Seasonal variation of surface sediment distribution and transport pattern offshore Haeundae beach area. The Sea Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography, 17, 16-24. (in Korean)
  10. Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency (KHOA), 2016, Typhoon report (2016. vol. 1). 54 p. (in Korean)
  11. Krumbein, W.C. and Pettijohn, F.J., 1938, Manual of Sedimentary Petrography. D. Appleton Century, New York, USA, 549 p.
  12. Lee, H.J., Do, J.D., Kim, S.S., Park, W.K., Jun, K., 2016, Haeundae Beach in Korea: Seasonal-to-decadal wave statistics and impulsive beach responses to typhoons. Ocean Science Journal, 51, 681-694. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12601-016-0053-5
  13. Lee, J.O., Kim, Y.S., Lee, I.S., 2009, Time series coastline change analysis of Haeundae beach. Journal of Korean society of coastal and ocean engineers, 29, 655-662. (in Korean)
  14. Masselink, G., Hughes, M.G., Knight, J., 2011, Introduction to Coastal Processes and Geomorphology. Hodder Education, London, UK, 416 p.
  15. Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (MOF), 2016, Coastal erosion monitoring survey in 2016. 261 p. (in Korean)
  16. Morton, R.A., Paine, J.G., Gilbeaut, J.C., 1994, Stages and durations of post-storm beach recovery, southeastern Texas Coast, U.S.A. Journal of Coastal Research, 10, 884-908.
  17. National Typhoon Center, 2018, Typhoon occurrence statistics (1951-2017). http://typ.kma.go.kr/TYPHOON/statistics/statistics_02_1.jsp (December 23th 2018) (in Korean)
  18. Seibold, E. and Berger, W., 2017, The sea floor: an introduction to marine geology. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, 268 p.
  19. Wang, P., Kirby, J.H., Haber, J.D., Horwitz, M.H., Knorr, P.O., Krock, J.R., 2006, Morphological and sedimentological impacts of hurricane Ivan and immediate poststorm beach recovery along the Northwestern Florida barrier-island coasts. Journal of Coastal Research, 22, 1382-1402. https://doi.org/10.2112/05-0440.1
  20. Wright, L.D. and Short, A.D., 1984, Morphodynamic variability of surf zones and beaches: a synthesis. Marine Geology, 56, 93-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(84)90008-2
  21. Yu, F., Switzer, A.D., Lau, A.Y.A., Yeung, H.Y.E., Chik, S.W., Chiu, H.C., Huang, Z. and Pile, J., 2013, A comparison of the post-storm recovery of two sandy beaches on Hong Kong Island, southern China. Quaternary international, 304, 163-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2013.04.002
  22. Zhang, K., Douglas, B.C., Leatherman, S.P., 2004, Global warming and coastal erosion. Climatic Change, 64, 41-58. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:CLIM.0000024690.32682.48