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국내외 지하광산 갱도설계 현황에 대한 고찰

Review on Design of Underground Mine Openings in Korea and Overseas

  • 윤동호 (서울대학교 공과대학 에너지시스템공학부) ;
  • 송재준 (서울대학교 공과대학 에너지시스템공학부)
  • Yoon, Dong-Ho (Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Seoul National University) ;
  • Song, Jae-Joon (Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Seoul National University)
  • 투고 : 2019.02.18
  • 심사 : 2019.02.22
  • 발행 : 2019.02.28

초록

해외의 일부 광업 선도국에서는 정량적인 설계지침을 제시하거나 별도의 광산 갱도 설계지침을 개발하여 배포함으로써 지하광산 운영 시 대규모 인적 물적 피해로 이어질 가능성이 높은 낙반 및 붕락 재해의 발생을 최소화하기 위해 노력하고 있다. 국내의 경우에는 광산안전기술기준 등 광산개발 관련 지침을 통해 근로자 사고 방지를 위한 안전수칙과 작업지침을 제공하고 있으나, 갱도설계에 대한 부분에서는 정성적이고 불명확한 시공 지침만을 제공하는 데에 그치고 있다. 최근 국내 환경규제 및 천부 자원 고갈로 인해 광산이 점차 심부화되고 있는 추세이며, 갱도의 안정성을 확보하기 위해 정량적인 설계 규격을 제공할 수 있는 전문적이고 체계적인 광산 갱도설계 지침에 대한 수요가 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라 본 원고에서는 국내외 광산 갱도설계 실태와 연구동향 및 현행 설계지침에 대한 현황 조사를 통해 국내 갱도 설계지침 개발을 위한 사전연구를 수행하였다.

Some leading countries in mining have a very quantitative guideline for underground mine opening design which is useful to minimize mine hazards such as rockfall and collapse. Those hazards sometimes can cause a huge damage on human life and property in the mines. Construction guidelines of underground mines in Korea consist of qualitative and general expressions although the workers' safety rules and guides are well provided. Recently, mining operations in Korea are going underground due to the environmental regulations and resource depletion at shallow depth, and therefore there is a growing demand on a specialized and systematic guideline for mine opening design securing the underground stability. In this paper, current status of mining industry, research trends, and mining guidelines in Korea and overseas have been reviewed to give an insight into developing a new Korean guideline for underground mine design.

키워드

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Fig. 1. Irregular shape of pillars produced by selective mining (from Okubo and Yamatomi, 2009)

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Fig. 2. Examples of rockfall and mine collapse (from NIOSH, 2011, CDC, 2019)

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Fig. 3. Guidelines for mine tunnel design in Australia (from MCA, 2003)

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Fig. 4. Guidelines for mine tunnel design in United States (from NIOSH, 2011)

Table 1. Guidelines related to mine tunnel design in Korea

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Table 2. Guidelines related to mine tunnel design in Australia and United States

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