The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy (대한지역사회작업치료학회지)

Korean Society of Community Based Occupational Therapy Association (대한지역사회작업치료학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Comparison of Retained Activity Level according to Activity Areas of the Elderly

노인의 일상 활동 범주에 따른 활동 보유 수준 비교

  • Paik, Young-Rim (Dept. of Occupational Therapy, Doowon Technical University)
  • 백영림 (두원공과대학교 작업치료과)
  • Received : 2019.07.28
  • Accepted : 2019.08.22
  • Published : 2019.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objective : The purpose of this study is to measure the level of activity possessed by the daily activities of the elderly. In addition, we attempted to compare the differences in the categories of daily activities. Methods : We used K-ACS to evaluate 30 older people who engaged in economic activity living in community, 30 older people who did not have economic activity living in community, and 30 older people living in facility. We compared the level of activity retention. Results : There was a significant difference of level of activity retention according to the daily activity category of the subjects(p <.001). There was a difference in the instrumental activities according to the category of each activity, while the three groups showed similar patterns in leisure activities and social activities. In particular, all three groups were most likely to rest and watch television in the leisure activities, so the leisure activities of the elderly in Korea were very limited. Among the general characteristics, it was analyzed that there was a correlation between the activity, the marital status, the religion and the cognitive level. Conclusion : According to the daily activities category of the elderly, there was a difference in level of activity retention and the characteristics of daily activities correlated with the activities of the elderly. This suggests that it may be a basic data for establishing a client - centered intervention plan by considering the characteristics affecting daily living and level of activity retention of the elderly in the occupational therapy.

목적 : 본 연구는 노인의 일상 활동 범주에 따라 보유하고 있는 활동 수준을 확인해보고 일상 활동범주에 따른 차이를 비교해보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 지역사회에 거주하면서 경제 활동을 하는 노인 30명과 경제 활동을 하지 않는 노인 30명, 시설에 거주하면서 활동을 할 수 있는 노인 30명을 대상으로 한국형 활동분류카드(Korea Activity Card Sort; K-ACS)를 사용하여 활동 보유 수준을 비교하였다. 또한 노인의 활동 수준과 상관이 있는 일반적 특성과 일상 생활 특성을 확인하였다. 결과 : 대상자의 일상 활동 범주에 따른 활동 보유 수준은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.001). 수단적 활동에는 각 활동의 범주에 따라 차이를 보이는 반면 여가활동과 사회활동에서는 세 그룹이 비슷한 양상을 나타내었다. 특히 여가 활동에서는 세 그룹 모두 휴식하기와 텔레비전 보기를 가장 많이 하고 있어 우리나라 노인의 여가 활동이 매우 제한적인 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 일반적 특성 중에는 학력, 결혼상태, 종교와 인지 수준이, 일상 활동 특성 중에는 받고 있는 치료와 규칙적인 운동 및 정기 모임 횟수가 노인의 활동 영역과 상관성이 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 결론 : 노인의 일상 활동 범주에 따라 활동 보유 수준은 차이가 있었으며 일반적 특성 및 일상 활동 특성이 노인의 활동 영역과 상관이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이는 노인 작업치료 시 노인의 일상 활동에 영향을 미치는 특성과 활동보유 수준을 고려하여 클라이언트 중심의 중재 계획을 수립하고 치료적 활동을 계획하기 위한 기초자료가 될 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. 통계청. (2018). 2018 고령자 통계. Retrieved June 27, 2019, from http://kostat.go.kr/portal/korea/index.action.
  2. Albert, S. M., Bear-Lehman, J., & Burkhardt, A. (2009). Lifestyle-adjusted function: Variation beyond BADL and IADL competencies. Gerontologist, 49(6), 767-77. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnp064.
  3. Allen, C. K. (1985). Occupational therapy of psychiatric diseases: Measurement and management to cognitive disability. Boston: Little, Brown.
  4. Allen, C. K., Austin, S. L., David, S. K., Earhart, C. A., McCraith, D. B., & Riska-Williams, L. (2007). Manual for the ACLS and LACLS-5. Camarillo, CA: ACLS and LACLS Committee.
  5. American Occupational Therapy Association. (2002). Occupational Therapy practice framework: Domain and process. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 56(6), 609-639. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.56.6.609
  6. Chan, C. L., Ray, S., & Trudeau, S. (2001). The development and reliability of the Cantonese version of the Allen Cognitive Level Screen. Occupational Therapy International, 8(4), 287-300. doi: 10.1002/oti.152
  7. Choi, J. S., Lim, J. S., & Lee, M. H. (2011). An exploratory study on culture change of nursing homes in South Korea. Journal of Welfare for the Aged, 54, 61-84.
  8. Fȁnge, A., & Iwarsson, S. (2005). Changes in ADL dependence and aspects of usability following housing adaptation: A longitudinal perspective. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 59(3), 296-304. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.59.3.296
  9. Fleming, R., & Purandare, N. (2010). Long-term care for people with dementia: environmental design guidelines. International Psychogeriatrics, 22(7), 1084-1096. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610210000438
  10. Funaki, Y., Kaneko, F., & Okamura, H. (2005). Study on factors associated with changes in quality of life of demented elderly persons in group homes. Scandinavian Journal Occupational Therapy, 12(1), 4-9. doi:10.1080/11038120510031725.
  11. Hakansson, C., & Matuska, K. M. (2010). How life balance is perceived by swedish women recovering from a stress-related disorder: A validation of the life balance model. Journal of Occupational Science, 17(2), 112-119. https://doi.org/10.1080/14427591.2010.9686682
  12. Ham, C. H., & Oh, H. Y. (2010). A study on the effect of the participation in the Job creation projects for the elderly on the social relation of the participants: Focused on Jeonnam Province. Journal of welfare for the Aged Institute, 48, 229-250.
  13. Hooyman, N. R., & Kiyak, H. A. (2005). Social Gerontology. Boston: Pearson Education Inc.
  14. Jeon, B. J. (2011). A study on factors influencing elderly's life time use and occupational balance. published doctoral dissertation, University of Sungkyunkwan, Seoul.
  15. Jeong, W. M., Lee, D. Y., Ryu, S. H., Hwang, Y. J., Kim, S. G., Choo, I. H., & Kim, K. W. (2008). Focused effects of a group cognitive rehabilitation therapy on mild dementia patients in a community: Focused occupational therapy intervention process model. Journal of Korean Society of Occupational Therapy, 16(4), 1-17.
  16. Kielhofner, G. (1995). A model of human occupation: Theory and application(2nd ed). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.
  17. Kim, J. Y. (2018). The effect of active senior's social activities and leisure activities on their satisfaction of life. published master's thesis, University of Pai Chai, Daejeon.
  18. Kim, W. H., & Park, E. Y. (2010). Physcial therapy research methodology. Seoul: Jungdam media.
  19. Ko, H. E., Oh, M. H., Baek, J. Y., & Lee, J. S. (2012). The relationship between body function and activities and the participation of communitydwelling elderly person: Based on ICF. The Journal of Korean Society of Occupational Therapy, 20(4), 15-28.
  20. Lee, B. R., & Lee, J. K. (2016). Comparison of the effects of economic and social participations on the life satisfaction of old adults. Korean Society of Gerontological Social Welfare, 71(2), 351-377. https://doi.org/10.21194/kjgsw.71.2.201606.351
  21. Lee, G. H., & Lee, H. J. (2016). A study on developmental direction of leisure activity for elderly in the occupational therapy perspectives. The Journal of Occupational Therapy for the Aged and Dementia, 10(1), 7-16.
  22. Lee, H. J., & Song, E. H. (2012). The impact of meaning of life, family support and institutional environment on successful aging among the institutionalized elderly: Focused on gender. Journal of Welfare for the Aged, 58, 233-252.
  23. Lee, S. H. (2009). Development, reliability, and validity of the Korean activity card sort. published doctoral dissertation, University of Yensei, Wonju.
  24. Lee, S. H. (2012). The retained activity level of the community dwelling healthy group and stroke group aged more than 55 years: A preliminary study. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 11(13), 5337-5344. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2012.13.11.5337
  25. Lee, T. Y., Jung, M. Y., Chung, B. I., Yoo, E. Y., Chang, S. J., & Nam, E. W. (2009). Quality of life and activity levels in the elderly based on the model of human occupation. The Journal of Korean Society of Occupational Therapy, 17(1), 1-15.
  26. Manacy, P. (2008). Later life social engagement and health. unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Florida State, Tallahassee.
  27. Newman, M. (1987). Cognitive disability and functional performance in individuals with chronic schizophrenic disorders. Unpublished master's thesis, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
  28. Nilsson, I., & Fisher, A. G. (2006). Evaluation leisure activities in the oldest old. Scandinavian Journal Occupational Therapy, 13(1), 31-37. doi:10.1080/11038120500360655
  29. Packer, T. L., Boshoff, K., & DeJonge, D. (2008). Development of the activity card sort-Australia. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 55(3), 199-206. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1630.2007.00686.x.
  30. Paik, Y. R., & Lee, J. S. (2013). Occupational performance and leisure activity participation level research according to cognitive level of the elderly with dementia. The Journal of Korean Society of Occupational Therapy, 21(3), 61-74.
  31. Pillemer, K., Moen, P., Wethington, E., & Glasgow, N. (2000). Social integration in the second half of life. The Johns Jopins University Press.
  32. Pollock, N. (1993). Client-centered assessment. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 47(4), 298-301. https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.47.4.298
  33. Shin, S. H., & Park, J. S. (2017). Factors influencing quality of life of elderly residents in long-term care facilities. Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing, 19(2), 113-124. https://doi.org/10.17079/jkgn.2017.19.2.113
  34. Wilkie, R., Peat, G., Thomas, E., & Croft, P. (2006). The prevalence of person-perceived participation restriction in community-dwelling older adults. Quality of Life research, 15(9), 1471-1479. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-006-0017-9
  35. Young, M. H., Cha, S. M., & Yang, Y. A. (2012). A survey on the life satisfaction of the elderly in senior medical welfare facilities: Focusing on Busan area. The Journal of Occupational Therapy for the Aged and Dementia, 6(2), 39-45.