Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry

The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistry (한국응용생명화학회)
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Protective effects of kaempferol, quercetin, and its glycosides on amyloid beta-induced neurotoxicity in C6 glial cell

Kaempferol, quercetin 및 그 배당체의 amyloid beta 유도 신경독성에 대한 C6 신경교세포 보호 효과

  • Kim, Ji Hyun (Department of Food Science and Nutrition & Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyun Young (Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Cho, Eun Ju (Department of Food Science and Nutrition & Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University)
  • Received : 2019.09.23
  • Accepted : 2019.09.30
  • Published : 2019.12.31
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Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. Oxidative stress by amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) of neuronal cell is the most cause of AD. In the present study, protective effects of several flavonoids such as kaempferol (K), kaempferol-3-O-glucoside (KG), quercetin (Q) and quercetin-3-β-ᴅ-glucoside (QG) from Aβ25-35 were investigated using C6 glial cell. Treatment of Aβ25-35 to C6 glial cell showed decrease of cell viability, while treatment of flavonoids such as Q and QG increased cell viability. In addition, treatment of flavonoids declined reactive oxygen species (ROS) production compared with Aβ25-35-induced control. The ROS production was increased by treatment of Aβ25-35 to 133.39%, while KG and QG at concentration of 1 μM decreased ROS production to 107.44 and 113.10%, respectively. To study mechanisms of protective effect of these flavonoids against Aβ25-35, the protein expression related to inflammation under Aβ25-35-induced C6 glial cell was investigated. The results showed that C6 glial cell under Aβ25-35-induced oxidative stress up-regulated inflammation-related protein expressions. However, treatment of flavonoids led to reduction of protein expression such as inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 and interleukin-1β. Especially, treatment of KG and QG decreased more effectively inflammation-related protein expression than its aglycones, K and Q. Therefore, the present results indicated that K, Q and its glycosides attenuated Aβ25-35-induced neuronal oxidative stress and inflammation.

알츠하이머 질환(Alzheimer's disease)은 대표적인 신경퇴행성 질환이며, 뇌 내 amyloid beta (Aβ) 축적에 의한 산화적 스트레스 및 염증반응은 대표적인 AD의 원인으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 kaempferol (K), kaempferol-3-O-glucoside (KG), quercetin (Q) 및 quercetin-3-β-ᴅ-glucoside (QG)와 같은 4가지 flavonoids의 C6 신경교세포에서 Aβ로 인한 신경독성으로부터의 보호 효능을 살펴보고자 하였다. C6 신경교세포에 Aβ를 처리하였을 때 세포 생존율이 감소한 반면, 4가지 flavonoids 중에서 Q와 QG의 처리 시 세포 생존율 증가를 통해 신경교세포 보호 효과를 확인하였다. 또한, Aβ를 처리한 control군의 경우 reactive oxygen species (ROS) 생성을 유도한 반면, flavonoids의 처리 시 ROS 생성이 감소하였다. 특히 Aβ를 처리한 control군은 133.39%의 ROS 생성을 나타내었으며, 1 μM의 KG와 QG를 각각 처리시 107.44, 113.10%의 수치를 나타내어 ROS 생성 감소를 확인하였다. Flavonoids의 Aβ에 대한 신경교세포 보호 기전을 확인하기 위해 염증 관련 단백질 발현을 측정하였다. Aβ로 신경독성이 유도된 control군은 염증 관련 단백질 발현이 증가하였다. 그러나, flavonoids를 처리한 군의 경우 염증 매개 인자인 inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 and interleukin-1β의 발현 감소를 확인하였다. 특히, KG와 QG를 처리한 군은 aglycone 형태인 K와 Q를 처리한 군에 비해 효과적으로 염증 매개 인자 발현을 감소시켰다. 본 연구는 flavonoids의 일종인 K, Q와 그 배당체인 KG, QG의 Aβ로 신경독성이 유도된 신경교세포에서 산화적 스트레스 및 염증반응 조절을 통한 보호 효과를 나타냄을 알 수 있었으며, 이들 생리활성성분은 AD 예방 및 치료 소재로써의 가능성이 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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