Journal of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes (대한방사성의약품학회지)

Korean Society of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes (대한방사성의약품학회)
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Enhanced macrophage uptake of radiolabeled liposome triggered by ginseng extracts

  • Lee, Woonghee (Department of Molecular Medicine, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Rhee, Man Hee (College of Veterinary Medicine and Stem Cell Research Therapeutic Institute, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Yoo, Jeongsoo (Department of Molecular Medicine, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2019.12.12
  • Accepted : 2019.12.28
  • Published : 2019.12.30
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Abstract

During tumor progression various immunosuppressive cells are recruited to a tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are particularly abundant in TME. Based on their function, macrophages are categorized into two phenotypes: tumoricidal M1 and tumor-supportive M2. Generally, TAMs closely resemble M2-macrophages and lead to tumor growth. However, their phenotype can be changed by immune activator from M2 to M1 and thus promote tumor immunotherapy. Ginseng extracts are well known for its anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects from numerous reported studies. However, the mechanism of their effects is still not clear. Recently, some studies suggested that ginseng extracts induced immune activation as well as anti-tumor activities by a repolarization of activated macrophage from M2 phenotype to M1 phenotype. But, further verification about the mechanism as to how ginseng extracts can stimulate the immune response is still needed. In this study, we investigated whether ginseng extracts can alter the phenotype from M2 macrophages to M1 macrophages in mice by using a radiolabeled liposome. And we also evaluated the potential of radiolabeled liposome as a nuclear imaging agent to monitor the transition of phenotype of TAMs. In conclusion, the ginseng extracts seem to change the phenotype of macrophages from M2 to M1 like as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice.

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References

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