대한토목학회논문집 (KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research)

  • 제39권6호
  • /
  • Pages.691-702
  • /
  • 2019
  • /
  • 1015-6348(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2799-9629(eISSN)
대한토목학회 (Korean Society of Civil Engeneers)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

OpenGIS 기반 홍수범람지도 작성 자동화 툴 개발 및 제주 한천 적용 연구

An Automated OpenGIS-based Tool Development for Flood Inundation Mapping and its Applications in Jeju Hancheon

  • 김경동 (단국대학교 토목환경공학과) ;
  • 김태은 (단국대학교 토목환경공학과) ;
  • 김동수 (단국대학교 토목환경공학과) ;
  • 양성기 (제주대학교 토목공학과)
  • 투고 : 2019.03.21
  • 심사 : 2019.09.10
  • 발행 : 2019.12.01
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

홍수범람지도는 홍수에 대비하여 도시계획이나 댐 수위 조절 운영, 제방 등의 설계에 주요 지표로 사용되며 거주지역에 대한 홍수 발생 여부를 예보하거나 홍수 발생 시 신속하고 안전하게 대피하도록 하는 홍수 예·경보시스템 구축 등에도 중요한 역할을 한다. 국가하천과 같이 중요도 혹은 홍수 취약성이 높은 하천주변 지역의 경우, 고정밀도 LiDAR 기반 DEM 기반 정확도가 높은 홍수지도 작성에 2차원 혹은 3차원의 전문화된 범람지도 가시화 수치모형이 비용과 상관없이 활용될 수 있으나 지방하천 및 소하천은 예산상 한계 및 적합한 기술부족으로 여전히 시간소모적인 수작업이나 부정확하거나 비효율적인 기존 홍수지도작성 기법을 감수해왔다. 본 연구에서는, 실무에서 하천기본계획 수립 시 활용되는 HEC-RAS 기반 1차원 홍수위 모형 결과와 DEM을 기반으로 홍수지도작성의 복잡한 단계를 자동화시키고, 오픈소스인 QGIS와 연계할 수 있어 고비용의 ArcGIS에 기반하지 않는 OpenGIS 기반 홍수범람지도 생성 자동화 소프트웨어(Open Flood Mapper, OFM)를 개발하였다. OFM은 지난 2007년도 태풍 나리 내습 시 범람피해를 입은 제주도 한천 하류 침수흔적도, 첨두홍수위에 기반한 HEC-GeoRAS 및 수작업을 통해 제작한 홍수 범람지도와 비교하여 검증하였고, 빈도별 홍수범람지도를 추적하여 극한 홍수사상에서 범람의 특성을 시범적으로 구현하고 분석하였다.

Flood inundation map has various important roles in terms of municipal planning, timely dam operation, economic levee design, and building flood forecasting systems. Considering that the riparian areas adjacent to national rivers with high potential flood vulnerability conventionally imposed special cares to justify applications of recently available two- or three-dimensional flood inundation numerical models on top of digital elevation models of dense spatial resolution such as LiDAR irrespective of their high costs. On the contrary, local streams usually could not have benefits from recent technological advances, instead they inevitably have relied upon time-consuming manual drawings or have accepted DEMs with poor resolutions or inaccurate 1D numerical models for producing inundation maps due mainly to limited budgets and suitable techniques. In order to efficiently and cost-effectively provide a series of flood inundation maps dedicatedly for the local streams, this study proposed an OpenGIS-based flood mapping tool named Open Flood Mapper (OFM). The spatial accuracy of flood inundation map derived from the OFM was validated throughout comparison with an inundation trace map acquired after typhoon Nari in Hancheon basin located in Jeju Island. Also, a series of inundation maps from the OFM were comprehensively investigated to track the burst of flood in the extreme flood events.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Cho, W. H., Han, K. Y. and Ahn, K. H. (2010). "Flood risk mapping with FLUMEN model application." J. Korean Soc. Civ. Eng., KSCE, Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 169-177 (in Korean).
  2. Choi, C. K., Choi, Y. S. and Kim, K. T. (2013). "Analysis of flood inundation using LiDAR and LISFLOOD model." Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 1-15 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.11108/kagis.2013.16.4.001
  3. Ha, C. Y., Han, G. Y. and Cho, W. H. (2010). "2-D inundation analysis according to post-spacing density of DEMs from LiDAR using GIS." Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies, Vol. 13, No. 6. pp. 74-88 (in Korean).
  4. Horritt, M. and Bates., P. (2001). "Predicting floodplain inundation: raster-based modellingversus the finite-element approach." Hydrological Processes, Vol. 15, pp.825-842. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.188
  5. Jeju Province (2009). Jeju hanchen river management and planning fundamental report, Jeju Special Self-Govering Province (in Korean).
  6. Jung, Y., Yeo, K. D., Kim, S. Y. and Lee, S. O. (2013). The effect of uncertainty in roughness and discharge on flood inundation mapping. J. Korean Soc. Civ. Eng., KSCE, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 937-945 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.12652/Ksce.2013.33.3.937
  7. Kang, S. M., Park, M. J., Kim, S. H. and Kim, S. J. (2007). A Study on the Mitigation of Inundation Damage Using Flood Inundation Analysis Model FLUMEN-For the Part of Jinwicheon Reach. J. Korean Soc. Civ. Eng., KSCE, Vol. 27 No. 6B, pp. 583-590 (in Korean).
  8. Kim, S. J., Suh, K., Kim, S. M., Lee, K. D. and Jang, M. W. (2013). "Mapping of inundation vulnerability using geomorphic characteristics of flood-damaged farmlands-a case study of Jinju City." Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 51-59 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.7851/ksrp.2013.19.3.051
  9. Kim, T. E., Seo, K. H., Kim, D., Kim, S. (2016). "Enhancement of digital elevation models for improved estimation of small stream flood inundation mapping." Journal of Environmental Science International, Vol. 25, No. 8, pp. 1165-1176 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.5322/JESI.2016.25.8.1165
  10. Kim, T. H., Han, K. Y. and Cho, W. H. (2011). "Vulnerability analysis in the Nakdong river basin for the utilization of flood risk mapping." Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 203-222 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.11108/kagis.2011.14.3.203
  11. Lee, G. H., Park, K. W., Yu, W. S., Jung, K. S. and Jang, C. L. (2011). "A Study on flood damage estimation using DEM-based flood inundation model and MD-FDA." J. Korean Soc. Hazard Mitig., KSHM, Vol. 11, No. 5, pp. 327-336 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2011.11.5.327
  12. Lee, G. S. and Choi, Y. W. (2010). "The simulation of flood inundation of Namdae Stream with GIS-based FLUMEN model." Journal of Korea Spatial Information Society, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 25-34 (in Korean).
  13. Lee, G. S. and Jeong, I. Y. (2008). "Development of 3D GIS system for the visualization of flood inundation area." J. Korean Soc. Civ. Eng., KSCE, Vol. 28, No. 5D, pp. 749-757 (in Korean).
  14. Lee, G., Chung, E. S. and Jun, K. S. (2013a). "MCDM Approach for flood vulnerability assessment using TOPSIS method with a cut level sets." J. Korea Water Resour. Assoc., KWRA, Vol. 46, No. 10, pp. 977-987 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.3741/JKWRA.2013.46.10.977
  15. Lee, J. H., Yang, S. K. and Kim, D. S. (2013b). "Estimation of roughness coefficient using a representative grain diameter for han stream in Jeju Island." Journal of Environmental Science International, Vol. 22, No. 5, pp. 563-570 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.5322/JESI.2013.22.5.563
  16. Lee, M. H., Lee, B. J., Jeong, I. W. and Bae, D. H. (2010). "Study of the flood vulnerability assessment on 5 river basins in Korea under climate change." Proc. of Conf., the Korea Water Resources Association erence. KWRA (in Korean).
  17. Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs (MLTM) (2008). Supplementary fundamental plan for flood hazard map, registration no. 11-1611000-000040-01 (in Korean).
  18. National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) (2007). Disaster report 2007, National Emergency Management Agency, (in Korean).
  19. Neelz, S., Hall, J. and Pender, G. (2007). "Improving the performance of fast flood inundation models by incorporating results from very high resolution simulations." In Proceedings of flood risk assessment II conference, Institute of Mathematics and its Applications, Southend on Sea, pp. 1-9.
  20. Park, J. G. (2011). Study on the flood map prodection inaccessible area using GIS technique, Master's Thesis, Sungkyunkwan University (in Korean).
  21. Park, M. (2013). "About Flood prediction and warning system in middle and small scale of rivers, Water for future." J. Korea Water Resour. Assoc., KWRA, Vol. 46, No. 2, pp.18-23 (in Korean).
  22. QGIS (2019). A free and open source geographic information system, Available at: https://www.qgis.org/ko/site/ (Accessed: August 25, 2019).
  23. Shim, S. B., Kim, J. H., Lim, G. S. and Oh, D. K. (2003). "Analysis of flood inundation using GIS." Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 132-142 (in Korean).
  24. Yamaguchi, S., Ikeda, T., Iwamura, K., Naono, K., Ninomiya, A., Tanaka, K. and Takahashi, H. (2007). "Development of GIS-based flood-simulation software and application to flood-risk assessment." In 2nd IMA International Conference on Flood Risk Assessment.