KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Variation in Pod Shattering in a RIL Population and Selection for Pod Shattering Tolerance in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr]

콩 RIL 집단의 내탈립성 변이 탐색 및 유망계통 선발

  • Seo, Jeong Hyun (Upland Crop breeding Research Division, Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Kang, Beom Kyu (Upland Crop breeding Research Division, Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Hyun Tae (Upland Crop breeding Research Division, Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Hong Sik (Upland Crop breeding Research Division, Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Choi, Man Soo (Crop Foundation Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Oh, Jae Hyeon (Upland Crop breeding Research Division, Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Shin, Sang Ouk (Upland Crop breeding Research Division, Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Baek, In Youl (Upland Crop breeding Research Division, Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Kwak, Do Yeon (Upland Crop breeding Research Division, Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA)
  • 서정현 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 남부작물부 밭작물개발과) ;
  • 강범규 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 남부작물부 밭작물개발과) ;
  • 김현태 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 남부작물부 밭작물개발과) ;
  • 김홍식 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 남부작물부 밭작물개발과) ;
  • 최만수 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물기초기반과) ;
  • 오재현 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 남부작물부 밭작물개발과) ;
  • 신상욱 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 남부작물부 밭작물개발과) ;
  • 백인열 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 남부작물부 밭작물개발과) ;
  • 곽도연 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 남부작물부 밭작물개발과)
  • Received : 2019.10.14
  • Accepted : 2019.11.13
  • Published : 2019.12.31
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Abstract

Pod shattering during the maturing stage causes a serious yield loss in soybean. It is the main limiting factor of soybean cultivation and mechanization. It is important to develop varieties suitable for mechanical harvesting and to develop energy-efficient agricultural machinery to save labor and costs. 'Daewonkong,' developed by the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in 1997, is an elite cultivar that occupies more than 80% of the soybean cultivation area in Korea because of its strong tolerance to pod shattering. The objectives of this study were to investigate the variation in pod shattering degree in a RIL population developed from a 'Daewonkong' parent and to select promising lines with pod shattering tolerance. 'Daewonkong' demonstrated a high level of tolerance to pod shattering compared to the 'Tawonkong' and 'Saeolkong' varieties, with no shattered pods after 72 hours of drying. Screening of pod shattering showed a clear distinction between the tolerant and susceptible varieties. Also, the distribution of shattering pod ratio in the two populations showed a similar pattern for three years. The promising lines with pod shattering tolerance included 27 lines in the 'Daewonkong'×'Tawonkong' population and 21 lines in the 'Daewonkong'×'Saeolkong' population. The promising lines are expected to be widely used as breeding parents for creating soybean cultivars with pod shattering tolerance.

콩의 내탈립성은 성숙기 수량 손실의 주요인이며 기계수확 시 장애요인으로서 개량되어야 할 불량형질로 간주된다. 국립식량과학원에서 개발된 '대원콩'은 성숙기 탈립에 매우 강한 특성을 나타내어 현재까지도 가장 널리 보급되어 있는 콩 품종이다. 향후 육종 프로그램에서는 '대원콩' 수준의 내탈립성을 가지면서도 수량성, 품질 등이 개선된 품종을 개발하는 것을 목표로 하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 '대원콩' 유래의 내탈립성에 대한 변이 양상을 조사하고, '대원콩' 수준의 유색콩 및 단기성 콩을 선발하기 위해 수행되었다. '대원콩'을 모본으로 하고, 감수성인 검정콩 품종 '다원콩'과 단기성 콩 품종인 '새올'을 각각 부본으로 하는 두개의 고세대 RIL 집단을 활용하여 '16년부터 '18년 3년간 실내 내탈립성 검정을 수행하였다. 그 결과 건조 시간별, 연차별 내탈립성 변이가 두 집단에서 모두 저항성 계통과 감수성 계통이 뚜렷하게 구분되는 비슷한 분포를 나타내었고, 이에 따라 '대원콩'의 내탈립성은 기존 보고와 같이 소수의 유전자에 의해 조절되고 특히 가장 강하게 관여하는 유전자가 존재함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 '대원콩' 유래의 내탈립성은 연차 간에 안정적인 형질이었으며, 건조 시간이 오래될수록 안정적이었다. 따라서 건조 72시간 후의 터진 협의 비율을 지표로 성숙기 탈립에 저항성인 총 47계통을 선발할 수 있었으며, 생육조사 결과와 종합하여 최종적으로 내탈립 유색콩 및 단기성콩 6계통을 선발할 수 있었다. 선발된 6개 계통은 '대원콩' 수준의 내탈립성을 가지면서도 성숙기가 빠르고, 경장, 마디수, 협수 등이 높아 추후 육종프로그램에서 내탈립성인 유색콩, 단기성콩 품종개발의 모본으로서 유용하게 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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