Journal of the Korea Convergence Society (한국융합학회논문지)

Korea Convergence Society (한국융합학회)
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Design and Implementation of Method Generation based Watermarking Technique for Android Copyright Protection

안드로이드 저작권 보호를 위한 메소드 생성 기반 워터마킹 기법의 설계 및 구현

  • Park, Heewan (Department of Information Communication and Software, Halla University)
  • 박희완 (한라대학교 정보통신소프트웨어학과)
  • Received : 2018.10.29
  • Accepted : 2019.01.20
  • Published : 2019.01.28
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Abstract

As smartphones become widespread, numerous applications are developed and social issues related to software copyright are emerging. Software watermarking is digital watermarking technology applied to software and is a technology that can be used to recognize copyright owners. Generally, Java language is used to develop applications on the Android environment. The Java is an object-oriented language that supports method overloading and overriding. In this paper, we propose and implement a method generation based watermarking technique. As a result of evaluating the overhead due to the watermark, it was confirmed that the increase of the executable file size and the decrease of the execution speed are not large. Using the watermarking technique proposed in this paper, it is expected that copyright information can be verified when illegal copying is suspected or actual program is stolen, and piracy attempts will be prevented in advance.

스마트폰이 널리 보급되고 수많은 애플리케이션들이 개발됨에 따라서 소프트웨어 저작권 관련하여 사회적인 이슈가 발생하고 있다. 소프트웨어 워터마킹은 디지털 워터마킹 기술을 소프트웨어에 적용한 것으로서 소프트웨어 원저작권자를 판별하는데 사용될 수 있는 기술이다. 안드로이드 환경에서 앱을 개발하기 위해서 일반적으로 자바 언어를 사용한다. 자바는 객체지향 언어로서 메소드 오버로딩과 오버라이딩을 지원한다. 본 논문에서는 메소드 생성 기반 워터마킹 기법을 제안하고 구현하였다. 워터마크로 인한 오버헤드를 평가한 결과, 실행 파일 크기의 증가와 실행 속도의 저하가 크지 않다는 것을 확인하였다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 워터마킹 기법을 사용하면 불법 복제가 의심되거나 실제로 프로그램이 도용되었을 때 저작권 정보를 확인할 수 있으며 불법 복제 시도를 사전에 예방하는 효과도 있을 것으로 기대한다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Kim-gisa and T-map copyright dispute[5]

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Fig. 2. Cymera and Analog Filter copyright dispute[7]

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Fig. 4. Example of the method overloading

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Fig. 5. Example before method overloading

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Fig. 6. Example after method overloading

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Fig. 7. Example of the method overriding

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Fig. 8. Example before method overriding

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Fig. 9. Example after method overriding

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Fig. 10. Method overloading example before adding opaque predicate

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Fig. 11. Method overloading example after adding opaque predicates

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Fig. 12. Method overriding example before adding opaque predicate

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Fig. 13. Method overriding example after adding opaque predicates

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Fig. 14. Structure of watermarking system

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Fig. 15. Changes of source and apk file size according to method overloading numbers

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Fig. 16. Changes of source and apk file size according to method overriding numbers

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Fig. 17. Runtime overheads according to opaque predicate numbers

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Fig. 3. (a) Original source and (b) Modified source with copyright information

Table 1. Example of opaque predicates

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Table 2. Changes of source and apk file size according to method overloading numbers

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Table 3. Changes of source and apk file size according to method overriding numbers

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Table 4. Runtime overheads according to opaque predicate numbers

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