Journal of Mushroom (한국버섯학회지)

The Korean Society of Mushroom Science (한국버섯학회)
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Biodegradation of aromatic dyes and bisphenol A by Trametes hirsuta (Wulfen) Pilat

흰구름버섯에 의한 방향족 염료와 비스페놀 A의 분해

  • Im, Kyung-Hoan (Division of Life Sciences, Incheon National University) ;
  • Baek, Seung-A (Division of Life Sciences, Incheon National University) ;
  • Choi, Jae-hyuk (Division of Life Sciences, Incheon National University) ;
  • Lee, Tae-Soo (Division of Life Sciences, Incheon National University)
  • Received : 2019.12.02
  • Accepted : 2019.12.12
  • Published : 2019.12.31
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Abstract

Trametes hirsuta, a white rot fungus, exhibits the ability to degrade synthetic aromatic dyes such as congo red (CR), methylene blue (MB), crystal violet (CV), and remazol brilliant blue R (RBBR). The mycelia of T. hirsuta degraded RBBR and CR more efficiently than CV and MB in the PDB liquid medium (supplemented with 0.01% 4 aromatic dyes). In these mycelia the activities of three ligninolytic enzymes-laccase, manganese peroxidase (MnP), and lignin peroxidase (LiP)-were observed. Among these, laccase was identified to be the major enzyme responsible for the degradation of the four aromatic dyes. The degradation of bisphenol A was also investigated by culturing the mycelia of T. hirsuta in YMG medium supplemented with 100 ppm bisphenol A. The mycelia of T. hirsuta were found to degrade bisphenol A by 71.3, 95.3, and 100 % within incubation periods of 12, 24, and 36 hr, respectively. These mycelia also showed ligninolytic enzyme-like activities including those similar to laccase, MnP, and LiP. Therefore, these results indicate that T. hirsuta could emerge as a potential tool for the remediation of environmental contamination by aromatic dyes and bisphenol A.

흰구름버섯 (Trametes hirsuta)의 균사체는 CR, CV, RBBR 등 방향족 염료가 함유된 고체와 액체 배지에서 이들 염료를 효과적으로 탈색하였으나 MB의 탈색은 저조하였다. 각각 CR, MB, CV 및 RBBR 등 4종류의 염료가 함유된 액체배지에서 흰구름버섯의 균사체를 10일 간 배양했을 때 laccase, LiP, MnP 등 세 종류의 효소를 모두 생산하였으며 이들 효소 중 laccase의 활성도가 가장 높았으며 LiP와 MnP의 활성도laccase에 비해 낮았다. 따라서 흰구름버섯 균사체에 의한 방향족 염료의 탈색에는 laccase가 주로 사용되고 LiP나 MnP는 보조적인 역할을 하는 것으로 사료된다. 또한 비스페놀 A가 0, 25, 50, 100, 200 ppm의 농도로 함유된 PDA 배지에 균사체를 접종하여 배양한 결과 비스페놀 A의 농도가 증가함에 따라 균사체의 생장은 농도 의존적으로 저해되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 비스페놀 A가 100 ppm 함유된 YMG 액체배지에 균사체를 접종하고 비스페놀 A의 분해율을 측정한 결과 배양 12시간 후 72.3%, 배양 24시간 후 95.3%, 그리고 배양 36시간 후에는 100% 분해된 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구 결과는 우리나라의 산업 활동 과정에서 생산되고 자연계로 배출되어 생물체에 큰 피해를 주는 합성염료와 내분비계 장애물질인 비스페놀 A를 친환경적으로 제거할 수 있는 기술의 개발에 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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