Journal of Animal Science and Technology

Korean Society of Animal Sciences and Technology (한국축산학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of dietary carbohydrases on productive performance and immune responses of lactating sows and their piglets

  • Lee, Jeong Jae (Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Choi, Seong Ho (Division of Food and Animal Science, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Cho, Jin Ho (Division of Food and Animal Science, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Choe, Jeehwan (Department of Beef Science, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries) ;
  • Kang, Joowon (Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Soyun (Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Park, Sangwoo (Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kyoung, Hyunjin (Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Seo, Dongoh (Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Cho, Jee-Yeon (DSM Nutrition Korea Ltd.) ;
  • Park, Il-Hun (DSM Nutrition Korea Ltd.) ;
  • Oh, Sangnam (Department of Functional Food and Biotechnology, Jeonju University) ;
  • Kim, Hyeun Bum (Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University) ;
  • Song, Minho (Division of Animal and Dairy Science, Chungnam National University)
  • Received : 2019.10.11
  • Accepted : 2019.11.08
  • Published : 2019.11.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate effects of dietary multi-carbohydrases (MCS) in a lactating sow diet on productive performance and immune responses of sows and their piglets. A total of 12 sows (218.37 ± 5.5 kg BW; 2 parity) were randomly assigned to 2 dietary treatments: a diet based on corn-soybean meal (CON) and CON with 0.01% MCS. The MCS contained xylanase (2,700 units/g), β-glucanase (700 units/g), and cellulase (800 units/g). Sows were fed the dietary treatments for 28 days (weaning) after farrowing. Blood samples were collected from sows on d 0, 3, and 7 after farrowing and randomly selected 2 nursing piglets in each sow on d 3, 7, and 14 after birth. Measurements were productive performance of sows, frequency of diarrhea of piglets, and immune responses of sows and their piglets. Sows fed MCS had lower (p < 0.05) their body weight change than those fed CON. Piglets from sows fed MCS had higher (p < 0.05) average weight gain and body weight at weaning day and lower (p < 0.10) frequency of diarrhea than those from sows fed CON. Sows fed MCS had lower number of white blood cells (WBC) on d 3 (p < 0.05) and TGF-β1 on d 7 (p < 0.10) during lactation than those fed CON. Similarly, piglets from sows fed MCS had also lower (p < 0.05) number of WBC on d 3 and d 7 and TGF-β1 and C-reactive protein on d 7 during lactation than those from sows fed CON. In addition, piglets from sows fed MCS had higher (p < 0.10) immunoglobulin G and M on d 7 during lactation those from sows fed CON. In conclusion, addition of dietary MCS in the lactating sow diet based on corn and soybean meal improved productive performance of sows and their litters and modulated their immune responses.

Keywords

References

  1. Kerr BJ, Shurson GC. Strategies to improve fiber utilization in swine. J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2013;4:11-23. https://doi.org/10.1186/2049-1891-4-11
  2. Gutierrez NA, Serao NV, Patience JF. Effects of distillers' dried grains with solubles and soybean oil on dietary lipid, fiber, and amino acid digestibility in corn-based diets fed to growing pigs. J Anim Sci. 2016;94:1508-19. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2015-9529
  3. Bach Knudsen KE. Carbohydrate and lignin contents of plant materials used in animal feeding. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 1997;67:319-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(97)00009-6
  4. Hartman PA, Hays VW, Baker RO, Neagle LH, Catron DV. Digestive enzyme development in the young pig. J Anim Sci. 1961;20:114-23. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1961.201114x
  5. Lindemann MD, Cornelius SG, El Kandelgy SM, Moser RL, Pettigrew JE. Effect of age, weaning and diet on digestive enzyme levels in the piglet. J Anim Sci. 1986;62:1298-307. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1986.6251298x
  6. Huguet A, Savary G, Bobillier E, Lebreton Y, Le Huerou-Luron I. Effects of level of feed intake on pancreatic exocrine secretions during the early postweaning period in piglets. J Anim Sci. 2006;84:2965-72. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2006-044
  7. Adrio JL, Demain AL. Microbial enzymes: tools for biotechnological processes. Biomolecules. 2014;4:117-39. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom4010117
  8. Raveendran S, Parameswaran B, Beevi Ummalyma S, Abraham A, Mathew AK, Madhavan A, et al. Applications of microbial enzymes in food industry. Food Technol Biotechnol. 2018;56:16-30.
  9. Choct M, Annison G. Anti-nutritive effect of wheat pentosans in broiler chickens: roles of viscosity and gut microflora. Br Poult Sci. 1992;33:821-34. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071669208417524
  10. Annison G. Commercial enzyme supplementation of wheatbased diets raises ileal glycanase activities and improves apparent metabolisable energy, starch and pentosan digestibilities in broiler chickens. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 1992;38:105-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(92)90096-O
  11. Salih ME, Classen HL, Campbell GL. Response of chickens fed on hull-less barley to dietary beta-glucanase at different ages. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 1991;33:139-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(91)90052-T
  12. Tervila-Wilo A, Parkkonen T, Morgan A, Hopeakoski-Nurminen M, Poutanen K, Heikkinen P, et al. In vitro digestion of wheat microstructure with xylanase and cellulase from trichoderma reesei. J Cereal Sci. 1996;24:215-25. https://doi.org/10.1006/jcrs.1996.0054
  13. Pedersen MB, Yu S, Arent S, Dalsgaard S, Knudsen KEB, Laerke HN. Xylanase increased the ileal digestibility of nonstarch polysaccharides and concentration of low molecular weight nondigestible carbohydrates in pigs fed high levels of wheat distillers dried grains with solubles. J Anim Sci. 2015;93:2885-93. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2014-8829
  14. Zeng ZK, Li QY, Tian QY, Xu YT, Piao XS. The combination of carbohydrases and phytase to improve nutritional value and non-starch polysaccharides degradation for growing pigs fed diets with or without wheat bran. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2018;235:138-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.11.009
  15. Tsai T, Dove CR, Cline PM, Owusu-Asiedu A, Walsh MC, Azain M. The effect of adding xylanase or beta-glucanase to diets with corn distillers dried grains with solubles (CDDGS) on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in nursery pigs. Livest Sci. 2017;197:46-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2017.01.008
  16. Upadhaya SD, Lee SI, Kim IH. Effects of cellulase supplementation to corn soybean meal-based diet on the performance of sows and their piglets. Anim Sci J. 2016;87:904-10. https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.12511
  17. Song M, Baidoo SK, Shurson GC, Whitney MH, Johnston LJ, Gallaher DD. Dietary effects of distillers dried grains with solubles on performance and milk composition of lactating sows. J Anim Sci. 2010;88:3313-9. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2009-2309
  18. Baidoo SK, Kil DY, Kim JN, Liu Y, Kim J, Kim K, et al. Productive performance of sows fed increasing levels of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) across parities. Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu. 2014;27:171-7.
  19. Kim J, Seo J, Kim W, Yun HM, Kim SC, Jang Y, et al. Effects of palm kernel expellers on productive performance, nutrient digestibility, and white blood cells of lactating sows. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2015;28:1150-4. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.14.0908
  20. Choe J, Kim S, Cho JH, Lee JJ, Park S, Kim B, et al. Effects of different gestation housing types on reproductive performance of sows. Anim Sci J. 2018;89:722-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.12977
  21. Woyengo TA, Ige DV, Akinremi OO, Nyachoti CM. Performance and nutrient digestibility in growing pigs fed wheat dried distillers' grain with solubles-containing diets supplemented with phytase and multi-carbohydrase. Anim Sci J. 2016;87:570-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.12461
  22. Zijlstra RT, Li S, Owusu-Asiedu A, Simmins PH, Patience JF. Effect of carbohydrase supplementation of wheat-and canola-meal-based diets on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in group-housed weaned pigs. Can J Anim Sci. 2004;84:689-95. https://doi.org/10.4141/A03-127
  23. Song M, Liu Y, Lee JJ, Che TM, Soares-Almeida JA, Chun JL, et al. Spray-dried plasma attenuates inflammation and improves pregnancy rate of mated female mice. J Anim Sci. 2015;93:298-305. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2014-7259
  24. Liu Y, Choe J, Lee JJ, Kim J, Campbell JM, Polo J, et al. Spraydried plasma attenuates inflammation and lethargic behaviors of pregnant mice caused by lipopolysaccharide. PloS One. 2018;13:e0203427. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203427
  25. Pluske JR, Pethick DW, Hopwood DE, Hampson DJ. Nutritional influences on some major enteric bacterial diseases of pig. Nutr Res Rev. 2002;15:333-71. https://doi.org/10.1079/NRR200242
  26. Kiarie E, Romero LF, Nyachoti CM. The role of added feed enzymes in promoting gut health in swine and poultry. Nutr Res Rev. 2013;26:71-88. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422413000048
  27. Van Craeyveld V, Swennen K, Dornez E, Van de Wiele T, Marzorati M, Verstraete W, et al. Structurally different wheat-derived arabinoxylooligosaccharides have different prebiotic and fermentation properties in rats. J Nutr. 2008;138:2348-55. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.108.094367
  28. Pedersen MB, Yu S, Arent S, Dalsgaard S, Bach Knudsen KE, Laerke HN. Xylanase increased the ileal digestibility of nonstarch polysaccharides and concentration of low molecular weight nondigestible carbohydrates in pigs fed high levels of wheat distillers dried grains with solubles. J Anim Sci. 2015;93:2885-93. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2014-8829

Cited by

  1. Dietary Glutamic Acid Modulates Immune Responses and Gut Health of Weaned Pigs vol.11, pp.2, 2019, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11020504
  2. Effects of dietary inactivated probiotics on growth performance and immune responses of weaned pigs vol.63, pp.3, 2019, https://doi.org/10.5187/jast.2021.e44
  3. Dietary Yeast Cell Wall Improves Growth Performance and Prevents of Diarrhea of Weaned Pigs by Enhancing Gut Health and Anti-Inflammatory Immune Responses vol.11, pp.8, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11082269