DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Expanded Exit-Pupil Holographic Head-Mounted Display With High-Speed Digital Micromirror Device

  • Kim, Mugeon (School of Electronics Engineering, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lim, Sungjin (School of Electronics Engineering, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Choi, Geunseop (School of Electronics Engineering, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Youngmin (VR/AR Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute) ;
  • Kim, Hwi (Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University) ;
  • Hahn, Joonku (School of Electronics Engineering, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2017.09.05
  • Accepted : 2018.02.05
  • Published : 2018.06.01

Abstract

Recently, techniques involving head-mounted displays (HMDs) have attracted much attention from academia and industry owing to the increased demand for virtual reality and augmented reality applications. Because HMDs are positioned near to users' eyes, it is important to solve the accommodation-vergence conflict problem to prevent dizziness. Therefore, holography is considered ideal for implementing HMDs. However, within the Nyquist region, the accommodation effect is limited by the space-bandwidth-product of the signal, which is determined by the sampling number of spatial light modulators. In addition, information about the angular spectrum is duplicated over the Fourier domain, and it is necessary to filter out the redundancy. The size of the exit-pupil of the HMD is limited by the Nyquist sampling theory. We newly propose a holographic HMD with an expanded exit-pupil over the Nyquist region by using the time-multiplexing method, and the accommodation effect is enhanced. We realize time-multiplexing by synchronizing a high-speed digital micromirror device and a liquid-crystal shutter array. We also demonstrate the accommodation effect experimentally.

Keywords

References

  1. J. Hong et al., "Three-Dimensional Display Technologies of Recent Interest: Principles, Status, and Issues," Appl. Opt., vol. 50, no. 34, Nov. 2011, pp. H87-H115. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.50.000H87
  2. F.L. Kooi and A. Toet, "Visual Comfort of Binocular and 3D Displays," Displays, vol. 25, no. 2, Aug. 2004, pp. 99-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.displa.2004.07.004
  3. D.M. Hoffman, A.R. Girshick, K. Akeley, and M.S. Banks, "Vergence-Accommodation Conflicts Hinder Visual Performance and Cause Visual Fatigue," J. Vision, vol. 8, no. 3, Mar. 2008, pp. 1-30.
  4. T. Shibata, J. Kim, D.M. Hoffman, and M.S. Banks, "Visual Discomfort With Stereo Displays: Effects of Viewing Distance and Direction of Vergence-Accommodation Conflict," in Proc. IS&T/SPIE Electr. Imag., San Diego, CA, USA, Aug. 12-16, 2012, pp. 78630P-1-78630P-9.
  5. W.J. Tam, F. Speranza, S. Yano, K. Shimono, and H. Ono, "Stereoscopic 3D-TV: Visual Comfort," IEEE Trans. Broadcast., vol. 57, no. 2, Apr. 2011, pp. 335-346. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBC.2011.2125070
  6. D. Drascic and P. Milgram, "Perceptual Issues in Augmented Reality," in Proc. SPIE, Denver, CO, USA, Aug. 4-9, 1996, pp. 123-134.
  7. Y. Takaki, "Super Multi-view Display and Holographic Display," in Proc. IEEE LEOS Annu. Meet. Conf., Belek-Antalya, Turkey, Oct. 4-8, 2009, pp. 12-13.
  8. E. Moon, M. Kim, J. Roh, H. Kim, and J. Hahn, "Holographic Head-Mounted Display with RGB Light Emitting Diode Light Source," Opt. Express, vol. 22, no. 6, Mar. 2014, pp. 6526-6534. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.22.006526
  9. J.W. Goodman, Introduction to Fourier Optics, 3rd ed, Englewood, CO, USA: Roberts and Company Publishers, 2005.
  10. A.W. Lohmann, R.G. Dorsch, D. Mendlovic, C. Ferreira, and Z. Zalevsky, "Space-Bandwidth Product of Optical Signals and Systems," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, vol. 13, no. 3, Mar. 1996, pp. 470-473. https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.13.000470
  11. H. Kim et al., "Anamorphic Optical Transformation of an Amplitude Spatial Light Modulator to a Complex Spatial Light Modulator with Square Pixels," Appl. Opt., vol. 53, no. 27, Sept. 2014, pp. G139-G146. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.53.00G139
  12. L. Onural, F. Yaras, and H. Kang, "Digital Holographic Three-Dimensional Video Display," Proc. IEEE, vol. 99, no. 4, Apr. 2011, pp. 576-589. https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2010.2098430
  13. M. Agour, C. Falldorf, and R.B. Bergmann, "Holographic Display System for Dynamic Synthesis of 3D Light Fields with Increased Space Bandwidth Product," Opt. Express, vol. 24, no. 13, 2016, pp. 14393-14405. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.24.014393
  14. J. Hahn, H. Kim, Y. Lim, G. Park, and B. Lee, "Wide Viewing Angle Dynamic Holographic Stereogram with a Curved Array of Spatial Light Modulators," Opt. Express, vol. 16, no. 16, Aug. 2008, pp. 12372-12386. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.16.012372
  15. F. Yars, H. Kang, and L. Onural, "Circular Holographic Video Display System," Opt. Express, vol. 19, no. 10, 2011, pp. 9147-9156. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.19.009147
  16. T. Kozacki, G. Finke, P. Garbat, W. Zaperty, and M. Kujawinska, "Wide Angle Holographic Display System with Spatiotemporal Multiplexing," Opt. Express, vol. 20, no. 25, Dec. 2012, pp. 27473-27481. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.027473
  17. Y. Takaki and Y. Hayashi, "Elimination of Conjugate Image for Holograms Using a Resolution Redistribution Optical System," Appl. Opt., vol. 47, no. 24, Aug. 2008, pp. 4302-4308. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.47.004302
  18. Y. Lim et al., "360-Degree Tabletop Electronic Holographic Display," Opt. Express, vol. 25, no. 22, Oct. 2016, pp. 24999-25009.
  19. Y. Im, H. Kim, and J. Hahn, "Iterative Fourier Transform Algorithm Based on the Segmentation of Target Image for a High-Speed Binary Spatial Light Modulator," J. Opt. Soc. Kor., vol. 19, no. 2, 2015, pp. 149-153. https://doi.org/10.3807/JOSK.2015.19.2.149
  20. Y. Takaki and N. Okada, "Hologram Generation by Horizontal Scanning of a High-Speed Spatial Light Modulator," Appl. Opt., vol. 48, no. 17, 2009, pp. 3255-3260. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.48.003255

Cited by

  1. Reducing speckle artifacts in digital holography through programmable filtration vol.41, pp.1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.4218/etrij.2018-0554
  2. Color LED DMD holographic display with high resolution across large depth vol.44, pp.17, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1364/ol.44.004255
  3. Holographic near-eye display with continuously expanded eyebox using two-dimensional replication and angular spectrum wrapping vol.28, pp.1, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.381277
  4. High resolution étendue expansion for holographic displays vol.39, pp.4, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1145/3386569.3392414
  5. 3D displays in augmented and virtual realities with holographic optical elements [Invited] vol.29, pp.26, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.444693
  6. Exit Pupil Expansion Based on Polarization Volume Grating vol.11, pp.4, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11040333