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Development of Molecular Diagnosis Using Multiplex Real-Time PCR and T4 Phage Internal Control to Simultaneously Detect Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia, and Cyclospora cayetanensis from Human Stool Samples

  • Shin, Ji-Hun (Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Eun (Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) ;
  • Kim, Tong Soo (Department of Tropical Medicine and Inha Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Inha University School of Medicine) ;
  • Ma, Da-Won (Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) ;
  • Cho, Shin-Hyeong (Division of Vectors and Parasitic Diseases, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) ;
  • Chai, Jong-Yil (Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center) ;
  • Shin, Eun-Hee (Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center)
  • 투고 : 2018.08.20
  • 심사 : 2018.09.21
  • 발행 : 2018.10.31

초록

This study aimed to develop a new multiplex real-time PCR detection method for 3 species of waterborne protozoan parasites (Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia, and Cyclospora cayetanensis) identified as major causes of traveler's diarrhea. Three target genes were specifically and simultaneously detected by the TaqMan probe method for multiple parasitic infection cases, including Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein for C. parvum, glutamate dehydrogenase for G. lamblia, and internal transcribed spacer 1 for C. cayetanensis. Gene product 21 for bacteriophage T4 was used as an internal control DNA target for monitoring human stool DNA amplification. TaqMan probes were prepared using 4 fluorescent dyes, $FAM^{TM}$, $HEX^{TM}$, $Cy5^{TM}$, and CAL Fluor $Red^{(R)}$ 610 on C. parvum, G. lamblia, C. cayetanensis, and bacteriophage T4, respectively. We developed a novel primer-probe set for each parasite, a primer-probe cocktail (a mixture of primers and probes for the parasites and the internal control) for multiplex real-time PCR analysis, and a protocol for this detection method. Multiplex real-time PCR with the primer-probe cocktail successfully and specifically detected the target genes of C. parvum, G. lamblia, and C. cayetanensis in the mixed spiked human stool sample. The limit of detection for our assay was $2{\times}10$ copies for C. parvum and for C. cayetanensis, while it was $2{\times}10^3$ copies for G. lamblia. We propose that the multiplex real-time PCR detection method developed here is a useful method for simultaneously diagnosing the most common causative protozoa in traveler's diarrhea.

키워드

참고문헌

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피인용 문헌

  1. Cyclospora cayetanensis and Cyclosporiasis: An Update vol.7, pp.9, 2019, https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7090317
  2. Advances in Cyclosporiasis Diagnosis and Therapeutic Intervention vol.10, pp.None, 2018, https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00043
  3. Comparative Performance of Eight PCR Methods to Detect Cryptosporidium Species vol.10, pp.6, 2018, https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10060647
  4. Comparison of Three Real-Time PCR Assays Targeting the SSU rRNA Gene, the COWP Gene and the DnaJ-Like Protein Gene for the Diagnosis of Cryptosporidium spp. in Stool Samples vol.10, pp.9, 2018, https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091131