Geosystem Engineering

The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers (한국자원공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Feasible monitoring of the inhibitory effects of free NH3 on NO2- oxidation

  • Yoo, Byeong-Hak (Research Division for Industry & Environment, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ;
  • Lee, Sang-hun (Department of Environmental Science, Keimyung University)
  • Received : 2018.03.24
  • Accepted : 2018.06.20
  • Published : 2018.11.30
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study investigated nitrite ($NO_2{^-}$) accumulation due to FA (Free Ammonia: $NH_3$) inhibition in an anaerobic-aerobic-anoxic (AOA) process reactor to mainly treat wastewater containing 302-610 mg/L of $NH_3/NH_4{^+}-N$. Based on an experimental operation focusing on the nitrification, it was observed that $NO_2{^-}$ was accumulated in the aerobic nitrification zone as pH increased, due to inhibition of $NO_2{^-}$ conversion to $NO_3{^-}$ by FA. This result implied FA inhibition to NOB ($NO_2{^-}$-Oxidizing Bacteria) for converting $NO_2{^-}$ to $NO_3{^-}$. The objective of this study is to develop a feasible monitoring procedure for early detection of the FA inhibition toward $NO_2{^-}$ accumulation and poor nitrification. Thus, in order to rapidly assess FA concentrations, an $NH_3$ probe was utilized to measure $NH_3$ concentrations together with applying a simple model prediction using the measured $NH_4{^+}$ concentrations, the Henry's law constant of $NH_3$ and measured pH. The predictive model $NH_3$ levels were verified by a good correlation (89%) with the corresponding measured data, but the model prediction underestimated FA concentrations at less than 7.4 and a little overestimated at pH above 7.5. Interestingly, accumulated $NO_2{^-}$ levels were roughly correlated with FA levels that were observed at delayed time points. This reflects the detected FA levels can be good indicators of $NO_2{^-}$ levels with some delayed time. $NO_2{^-}$ accumulation started at measured FA concentrations of higher than approximately 3 mg/L and ceased below that FA level.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)

References

  1. Anthonisen, A. C., Loehr, R. C., Prakasam, T. B. S., & Srinath, E. G. (1976). Inhibition of nitrification by ammonia and nitrous acid. Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation, 48(5), 835-852.
  2. Balmelle, B., Nguyen, K. M., Capdeville, B., Cornier, J. C., & Deguin, A. (1992). Study of factors controlling nitrite build-up in biological processes for water nitrification. Water Science & Technology, 26(5-6), 1017-1025. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0543
  3. Brunning-Fann, C. S., & Kaneene, J. B. (1993). The effects of nitrate, nitrite, and N-nitroso compounds on animal health. Veterinary & Human Toxicology, 35(3), 237-253.
  4. Campos, J. L., Garrido, J. M., Mosquera-Corral, A., & Mendez, R. (2007). Stability of a nitrifying activated sludge reactor. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 35, 87-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2007.01.002
  5. Casey, T. G., Wentzel, M. C., Ekama, G. A., Loewenthal, R. E., & Marais, G. R. (1994). A hypothesis for the causes and control of anoxicaerobic (AA) filament bulking in nutrient removal activated sludge systems. Water Science & Technology, 29(7), 203-212.
  6. Cecen, F., & Gonenc, I. E. (1995). Criteria for nitrification and denitrification of high-strength wastes in 2 upflow submerged filters. Water Environmental Research, 67(2), 132-142. https://doi.org/10.2175/106143095X131277
  7. Dasgupta, P. G., & Dong, S. (1986). Solubility of ammonia in liquid water and generation of trace levels of standard gaseous ammonia. Atmospheric Environment, 20, 565-570. https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(86)90099-5
  8. Elliott, H. A., & O'Connor, G. A. (2007). Phosphorus management for sustainable biosolids recycling in the United States. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 39(6), 1318-1327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.12.007
  9. Groeneweg, J., Sellner, B., & Tappe, W. (1994). Ammonia oxidation in Nitrosomonas at NH3 concentrations near Km: Effects of pH and temperature. Water Research, 28, 2561-2566. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(94)90074-4
  10. Kelso, B. H. L., Smith, R. V., Laughlin, R. J., & Lennox, S. D. (1997). Dissimilatory nitrate reduction in anaerobic sediments leading to river nitrite accumulation. Applied Environmental Microbiology, 63, 4679-4685.
  11. Mauret, M., Paul, E., Puech-Costes, E., Maurette, M. T., & Baptiste, P. (1996). Application of experimental research methodology to the study of nitrification in mixed culture. Water Science & Technology, 34(1), 245-252.
  12. Metcalf and Eddy. Wastewater engineering: Treatment, disposal, reuse (pp. 1991). McGrow Hill, Boston, MA.
  13. Philips, S., Laanbroek, H. J., & Verstraete, W. (2002). Review: Origin, causes and effects of increased nitrite concentrations in aquatic environments. Reviews in Environmental Science & Biotechnology, 1, 115-141. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020892826575
  14. Philips, S., & Verstraete, W. (2000). Inhibition of activated sludge by nitrite in the presence of proteins or amino acids. Environmental Technology, 21, 1119-11125. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2000.9618998
  15. Pinto, U., Maheshwari, B., Shrestha, S., & Morris, C. (2012). Modelling eutrophication and microbial risks in periurban river systems using discriminant function analysis. Water Research, 46, 6476-6488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2012.09.025
  16. Rols, J. L., Mauret, M., Rahmani, H., Nguyen, K. M., Capdeville, B., Cornier, J. C., & Deguin, A. (1994). Population dynamics and nitrite build-up in activated sludge and biofilm processes for nitrogen removal. Water Science & Technology, 29(7), 43-51.
  17. Sander, R. (2015). Compilation of Henry's law constants (version 4.0) for water as solvent. Atmospheric Chemistry & Physics, 15, 4399-4981. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-4399-2015
  18. Schuch, R., Gensicke, R., Merkel, K., & Winter, J. (2000). Nitrogen and DOC removal from wastewater streams of themetal-working industry. Water Research, 34(1), 295-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(99)00109-8
  19. Sharma, B., & Ahlert, R. C. (1977). Nitrification and nitrogen removal. Water Research, 11, 897-925. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(77)90078-1
  20. South Korean Ministry of Environment. (2011). Statistics of livestock wastewater. Seoul, S. Korea.
  21. Stein, L. Y.,&Arp, D. J. (1998). Loss of ammoniamonooxygenase activity in Nitrosomonas europaea upon exposure to nitrite. Applied Environmental Microbiology, 64(10), 4098-4102.
  22. Suthursan, S., & Ganczarczyk, J. J. (1986). Inhibition of nitrite oxidation during nitrification, some observations. Water Pollution Research Journal of Canada, 21(2), 257-266.
  23. Tchobanoglous, G, & Burton, F.L. (1991). Wastewater engineering: treatment, disposal and reuse. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill.
  24. Turk, O., & Mavinic, D. S. (1989). Stability of nitrite build-up in an activated sludge system. Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation, 61(8), 1440-1448.
  25. Vadivelu, V. M., Keller, J., & Yuan, Z. (2007). Effect of free ammonia on the respiration and growth processes of an enriched Nitrobacter culture. Water Research, 41, 826-834. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2006.11.030
  26. Villaverde, S., Fdz-Polanco, F.,& Garcia, P. A. (2000). Nitrifying biofilmacclimation to free ammonia in submerged biofilters: Start-up influence. Water Research, 34(2), 602-610. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(99)00175-X
  27. Xu, X., Liu, G., & Zhu, L. (2011). Enhanced denitrifying phosphorous removal in a novel anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic (AOA) process with the diversion of internal carbon source. Bioresource Technology, 102, 10304-10345.
  28. Yang, L., & Alleman, J. E. (1992). Investigation of batchwise nitrite build-up by an enriched nitrification culture. Water Science & Technology, 26(5-6), 997-1005. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0541