Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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The Relationship between Thermal Preference and Hibernation Strategies in Endangered Plecotus ognevi

멸종위기 야생생물 II급 토끼박쥐 Plecotus ognevi의 온도선호도와 동면 전략

  • Kim, Sun-Sook (Division of Basic Research, Bureau of Ecological Research, National Institute of Ecology) ;
  • Choi, Yu-Seong (Biological Resources Research Department, National Institute of Biological Resources) ;
  • Kim, Lyoun (Cave Research Institute of Korea)
  • 김선숙 (국립생태원 생태연구본부 생태기반연구실) ;
  • 최유성 (국립생물자원관 생물자원연구부) ;
  • 김련 ((사)한국동굴연구소)
  • Received : 2018.11.09
  • Accepted : 2018.12.18
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

Hibernation is regarded as a physiological and behavioral adaptation that permits the survival of animals such as bats during seasonal periods of energy shortage. This study investigated the hibernation period of Plecotus ognevi in the temperate climate zone and the relationship between the thermal preference and hibernating process of bats. We hypothesized that the hibernation period of bats is closely related to the external temperature and temperature preference of bat species in the temperate region. To verify this hypothesis, we surveyed the distribution of the P. ognevi population in South Korea, and the temperature preference and the characteristics of hibernacula of P. ognevi. We predict that hibernation in the bat will begin when the external temperature drops below the thermal preference of the species and will leave from hibernation when the external temperature is higher than the thermal preference. P. ognevi hibernated in roosts maintained in low temperature ambient conditions with $-3.5{\sim}7.5^{\circ}C$). The body temperatures (averaged $3.01{\pm}1.30^{\circ}C$, ranged $0.1{\sim}7.8^{\circ}C$) of hibernating bats were closely related to the rock surface temperatures rather than the ambient temperatures. The bats began to hibernate in late November and final arousals occurred in mid-March, so that the total length of the hibernation was 115~120 days. The period of hibernation was strongly influenced by fluctuations in the external mean temperature. This study suggests that the onset and termination of P. ognevi hibernation is due to the interaction between the temperature of the hibernacula and that of the external environment and is based on the thermal preference of the bats. The study also suggests that the hibernation strategy such as thermal preference and hibernation periods of this species affect to distribution as bat species adapting to a severely climate.

온대지역에 분포하는 박쥐가 생존을 위하여 선택하는 동면은 에너지가 고갈되는 시기에 직면하는 에너지 문제해결을 위한 적응현상이다. 본 연구에서 온대지역에 분포하는 토끼박쥐의 온도선호도와 동면전략(동면기간)에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 박쥐의 온도선호도와 동면전략과의 연관성을 알아보기 위하여 박쥐의 온도선호도는 동면기간에 영향을 준다는 가설 검증을 하였다. 이를 위하여 토끼박쥐의 분포를 확인하였고 동면처의 환경특성 및 토끼박쥐의 온도선호도를 도출하였다. 또한 토끼박쥐는 외부 최저 기온이 온도선호도보다 낮아지는 시기에 동면처에 도착하여 외부 최저 기온이 온도선호도보다 높아지는 시기에 동면처를 떠날 것으로 예측하였다. 동면중인 토끼박쥐의 평균 체온은 $3.03{\pm}1.30^{\circ}C$(range $0.1{\sim}7.6^{\circ}C$, n=179)로 대기온도 ($T_a$)에 비해 암벽온도 ($T_r$)와 밀접하게 상관되었다. 토끼박쥐는 외부 기온이 온도선호도보다 낮아지는 11월 중순 이후에 동면처에 도착하여 115~120일 동안 동면처에 머물렀다. 또한 외부 기온이 온도선호도보다 높아지는 시기인 3월 중순 이후에 동면처를 떠났다. 본 연구의 결과는 토끼박쥐의 동면기간은 대상 종의 온도선호도와 외부기온과의 상호작용에 의한 것임을 시사하며 또한 대상 종의 온도선호도 및 동면기간 같은 동면전략은 대상 종의 분포 제한 요인으로 작용될 수 있다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Grant : 식충성 박쥐의 생태적 역할과 기능

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