References
- 2012 greenhouse gas conversion factors for company reporting, https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/2012-greenhouse-gas-conversion- factors-for-company-reporting (access at November 3, 2015).
- AIS for Ships in the future, http://www.sjofartsverket.se/upload/1486/a171_2.pdf (access at November 29, 2015).
- Berechman, J. and Tseng, P. (2012), Estimating the environmental costs of port related emissions: The case of Kaohsiung, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 17, 35-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2011.09.009
- Business.un.org, https://business.un.org/en/entities/13 (access at November 16, 2015).
- Chang, C. and Wang, C. (2012), Evaluating the effects of green port policy: Case study of Kaohsiung harbor in Taiwan, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 17, 185-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2011.11.006
- Chang, Y., Roh, Y. and Park, H. (2014), Assessing noxious gases of ship operations in a potential Emission Control Area, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 28, 91-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2014.03.003
- Chang, Y., Song, Y. and Roh, Y. (2013), Assessing greenhouse gas emissions from port ship operations at the Port of Incheon, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 25, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2013.06.008
- Coello, J., Williams, I., Hudson, D. and Kemp, S. (2015), An AIS-based approach to calculate atmospheric emissions from the UK fishing fleet, Atmospheric Environment, 114, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.05.011
- Contini, D., Gambaro, A., Belosi, F., De Pieri, S., Cairns, W. R. L., Donateo, A., Zanotto, E. and Citron, M. (2011), The direct influence of ship traffic on atmospheric PM2.5, PM10 and PAH in Venice, Journal of Environmental Management, 92(9), 2119-2129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.01.016
- Cooper, D. (2003), Exhaust emissions from ships at berth, Atmospheric Environment, 37, 3817-3830. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00446-1
- Dalsoren, S., Eide, M., Endresen, O, Mjelde, A., Gravir, G. and Isaksen, I. (2009), Update on emissions and environmental impacts from the international fleet of ships: the contribution from major ship types and ports, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 9(6), 2171-2194. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-2171-2009
- Deniz, C. and Kilic, A. (2009), Estimation and assessment of shipping emissions in the region of Ambarli Port, Turkey, Environmental progress & Sustainable Energy, 29(1), 107-115. https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.10373
- Eyring, V., Isaksen, I., Berntsen, T., Collins, W., Corbett, J., Endresen, O., Grainger. R. G., Moldanova, J. Schlager, H. and Stevenson, D. S. (2010), Transport impacts on atmosphere and climate: Shipping, Atmospheric Environment, 44(37), 4735-4771. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.04.059
- Fitzgerald, W., Howitt, O. and Smith, I. (2011), Greenhouse gas emissions from the international maritime transport of New Zealand's imports and exports, Energy Policy, 39(3), 1521-1531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.12.026
- Greenhouse Gas Protocl, http://ghgprotocol.org/sites/default/files/ghgp/Global-Warming-Potential-Values.pdf (access at November 7, 2015).
- Incheon Port Authority, Inner Port of Incheon, http://service.icpa.or.kr/images/eng/cyber/innerPort.jpg (access at June 2, 2015)
- Isakson, J., Persson, T. and Lindgren, E. (2001), Identification and assessment of ship emissions and their effects in the harbour of Goteborg, Sweden, Atmospheric Environment, 35(21), 3659-3666. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00528-8
- Kesgin, U. and Vardar, N. (2001), A study on exhaust gas emissions from ships in Turkish Straits, Atmospheric Environment, 35(10), 1863-1870. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(00)00487-8
- Matthias, V., Bewersdorff, I., Aulinger, A. and Quante, M. (2010), The contribution of ship emissions to air pollution in the North Sea regions, Environmental Pollution, 158(6), 2241-2250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2010.02.013
- Miola, A. and Ciuffo, B. (2011), Estimating air emissions from ships: Meta-analysis of modelling approaches and available data sources, Atmospheric Environment, 45(13), 2242-2251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.01.046
- Port of Incheon, http://www.worldportsource.com/ports/review/KOR_Port_of_Incheon_1483.php (access at November 23, 2015).
- Review of Marine Transport, http://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/rmt2012_en.pdf (access at November 14, 2015).
- Saracoglu, H., Deniz, C. and Kilic, A. (2013), An Investigation on the Effects of Ship Sourced Emissions in Izmir Port, Turkey, The Scientific World Journal, 2013, 1-8.
- Saxe, H. and Larsen, T. (2004), Air pollution from ships in three Danish ports, Atmospheric Environment, 38(24), 4057-4067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.03.055
- Schembari, C., Cavalli, F., Cuccia, E., Hjorth, J., Calzolai, G., Perez, N., Pey, J. Prati, P. and Raes, F. (2012), Impact of a European directive on ship emissions on air quality in Mediterranean harbours, Atmospheric Environment, 61, 661-669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.06.047
- Seatrade Maritime News, http://www.seatrade-maritime.c om/news/asia/incheon-new-port-starts-operation-with-8000-teu-capacity.html (access at November 23, 2015).
- Song, S. and Shon, Z. (2014), Current and future emission estimates of exhaust gases and particles from shipping at the largest port in Korea, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 21(10), 6612-6622. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-2569-5
- Speed, time, and distance; learn how to calculate the missing variable, http://www.schoolofsailing.net/speed-time-and-distance.html (access at November 30, 2015).
- The Human Cost of Weather Related Disasters, http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/COP21_WeatherDisastersReport_2015_FINAL.pdf (access at November 29, 2015).
- Tzannatos, E. (2010), Ship emissions and their externalities for the port of Piraeus - Greece, Atmospheric Environment, 44(3), 400-407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.10.024
- Tzannatos, E. (2010). Ship emissions and their externalities for Greece. Atmospheric Environment, 44, 2194-2202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.03.018
- UN Report, http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=52627#.VmVNg3YrLcd (access at November 23, 2015).
- Villalba, G. and Gemechu, E. (2011), Estimating GHG emissions of marine ports-the case of Barcelona, Energy Policy, 39(3), 1363-1368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.12.008
- Vutukuru, S. and Dabdub, D. (2008), Modeling the effects of ship emissions on coastal air quality: A case study of southern California, Atmospheric Environment, 42(16), 3751-3764. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.12.073
- Yau, P., Lee, S., Cheng, Y., Huang, Y., Lai, S. and Xu, X. (2013), Contribution of ship emissions to the fine particulate in the community near an international port in Hong Kong, Atmospheric Research, 124(28), 61-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.12.009
- Yau, P., Lee, S., Corbett, J., Wang, C., Cheng, Y. and Ho, K. (2012), Estimation of exhaust emission from ocean-going ships in Hong Kong, Science of The Total Environment, 431, 299-306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.03.092
- Zhang, F., Chen, Y., Tian, C., Wang, X., Huang, G., Fang, Y. and Zong, Z. (2014), Identification and quantification of shipping emissions in Bohai Rim, China, Science of The Total Environment, 497-498, 570-577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.08.016
- Zhao, M., Zhang, Y., Ma, W., Fu, Q., Yang, X., Li, C., Zhou, B., Yu, Q. and Chen, L. (2013), Characteristics and ship traffic source identification of air pollutants in China's largest port, Atmospheric Environment, 64, 277-286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.10.007