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Case Study on the Overseas Locally-Led Community Design Guidelines

주민참여형 커뮤니티정원 조성 가이드라인 마련을 위한 국외 사례 비교 연구

  • Lee, Airan (Dept. of Human Environment Design, College of Science, Cheongju University) ;
  • Park, Jae-Min (Dept. of Human Environment Design, College of Science, Cheongju University)
  • 이애란 (청주대학교 휴먼환경디자인학부 조경도시계획전공) ;
  • 박재민 (청주대학교 휴먼환경디자인학부 조경도시계획전공)
  • Received : 2018.05.03
  • Accepted : 2018.06.25
  • Published : 2018.06.30

Abstract

With the changing of social needs and paradigms, citizens are concerned about aesthetic and cultural community gardens from productive urban farms in Korea. It is still difficult, however, to cultivate a beautiful garden with a community to design, install and manage it. Therefore, this study analyzed the community garden design guidelines of other countries to derive the characteristics and implications. The research method analyzed six guidelines for community garden design in the UK, Canada, the USA, Australia and Japan. As a result of the study, most community garden design guidelines are opened freely via on-line service. The guidelines are composed with chronological processes such as intro, site selection, design, construction and maintenance. The introduction section treats definition, purpose, meaning, efficiency and success factors for community gardens. Site selection emphasizes site conditions (soil, light, shadow, water, etc.), landholding and insurance. The design section, however, lacks adequate drawings and case images. These guidelines offer little explanation with few illustrations and sentences. Construction sections explain about plantings, facilities, expense and details. The maintenance guidelines of community gardens contain how to control members, funding, harvesting, pests and plants. In addition, some guidelines include vandalism, organic cultivation methods, recording and advertisement. Lastly, the appendix contains a variety of checklists, administrative documents, guidelines, drawings, and contacts. This study will help understand the trends and characteristics of overseas community gardens design guidelines so as to also supply directions for guidelines to be introduced in Korea.

최근 도시농업, 텃밭 가꾸기 등에 대한 관심과 활동에서 공동체가 함께 만들어가는 아름다운 커뮤니티정원에 대한 사회적 수요가 증가하고 있다. 하지만 국내의 경우, 개인단위의 생산중심 텃밭가꾸기 활동은 익숙한 반면, 공동체가 함께 아름다운 정원으로 가꾸는 것에 대한 측면은 여전히 경험이 적고 정보 또한 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 국외 커뮤니티정원 조성 가이드라인을 분석하여, 국내 도입되어야 할 가이드라인의 특성과 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. 연구방법은 국외 커뮤니티정원 가이드라인 6개를 비교분석하였다. 연구결과, 국외에서 커뮤니티정원 관련 가이드라인은 일반인을 대상으로 하여, 비교적 적은 분량(100쪽 이내)으로 제작되었으며, 자료에 대한 온라인 접근이 용이한 편이었다. 일부에서는 편집에 대한 허용을 하고 있었다. 가이드라인의 구성은 초보자가 처음부터 따라할 수 있도록 개요, 기획, 대상지 선정 및 설계, 시공, 유지관리로 구성되어 있었다. 다만 초보자들을 위하여 첫 미팅의 논의사항부터 커뮤니티를 어떻게 형성해 나아가야 하는지에 관한 자세한 내용을 담고 있었다. 개요에서는 개념 정의, 목적, 효과, 성공요인 등을 담아 처음 접하는 사람들의 이해를 돕고 있었다. 대상지 선정에서는 대상지의 햇빛, 급수, 토양오염 등을 체크리스트 등을 활용하여 확인할 수 있도록 하였다. 하지만 설계와 관련해서는 구체적 도면, 이미지 보다는 설명중심으로 다루고 있어 초보자의 이해를 돕기에는 어려움이 있었다. 시공에서는 기반조성, 구조물설치, 식재부분을 다루었으며, 특히 정원 조성 시 노동력의 확보 방법을 구체적으로 포함하였다. 유지관리는 자세히 다루며, 시설물, 회원, 자금에서부터, 병충해, 반달리즘, 유기농 재배, 생물다양성 등까지 확장하여 설명하였다. 부록은 다양한 체크리스트, 행정 서식, 가이드라인, 도면, 연락처 등을 포함하여 초보자들의 이해를 돕고 있었다. 본 연구는 국외 커뮤니티정원의 조성 경향과 특성을 이해하는 데 도움을 주며, 더 나아가 향후 도입 예정인 커뮤니티정원 조성 가이드라인의 기본 방향을 제시해 준다는데 의의가 있다.

Keywords

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