Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters (한국미생물·생명공학회지)

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Nitrogen Fixation Screening and Plant Growth Assessment for Urban Greening

도시 녹화를 위한 질소고정 균 선별 및 식물 생장 평가

  • Jeong, Sun Hwan (Department of Life Science, Graduate School, Kyonggi University) ;
  • Lee, Sang Seob (Department of Life Science, Graduate School, Kyonggi University)
  • Received : 2017.12.13
  • Accepted : 2018.05.30
  • Published : 2018.06.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Currently, urban greening projects and research are attracting attention as a way to mitigate urban heat island phenomenon. In this study, nitrogen fixative bacteria were isolated and their effects on plant growth were confirmed. First, enrichment was performed in a nitrogen-free medium to isolate the nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and the colony showing high growth in a medium with limited nitrogen source was isolated and purified. Separated bacterial isolates were reduced by more than 90% acetylene by ARA and indirectly confirmed the activity of nitrogenase by ethylene production. Cedecea sp. MK7 and Enterobacter sp. Y8 with confirmed reproducibility were selected as nitrogen fixative bacteria. Nitrogen fixing bacteria were applied to the growth of perennial rye grass, and it was found that the dry weight increased to 34.80 mg (186.60%) compared with the control with 18.65 mg dry weight. After plant growth, microbial community analysis of soil applied by bacteria showed similarity to the control group. Therefore, in this study, it is expected that the efficiency will be increased if plant growth is promoted by using nitrogen fixing bacteria in urban greenery system.

현재 도시의 도시열섬현상을 완화시키는 방안으로 도시 녹화사업 및 연구가 주목 받고 있다. 이 연구에서는 질소고정균을 분리하고, 식물 성장에 미치는 영향을 확인했다. 먼저 질소고정 균을 분리하기 위해, 질소원이 없는 배지에서 enrichment를 실시했고, 질소원이 제한된 배지에서 높은 성장을 보인 colony를 분리하여 순수분리 했다. 순수 분리된 균은 ARA를 통해 acetylene이 90% 이상 감소되고, ethylene 생성을 통해 nitrogenase의 활성을 간접적으로 확인했다. 재현성이 확인된 Cedecea sp. MK7과 Enterobacter sp. Y8을 선별했다. 선별된 질소고정 균을 perennial rye grass의 성장에 적용한 결과 건조중량이 18.65 mg인 대조군에 비해 34.80 mg (186.60%)으로 증가한 것을 확인했다. 식물 성장 후, 질소고정 균이 접종된 토양의 미생물 군집 분석은 대조군과 유사했다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 도시녹화 시스템에 질소고정 균을 이용하여 식물 성장을 촉진한다면 그 효율이 증대될 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Kim DH, Song YI, Ryu JN, Park SM, Kang HN, Seo IK. 2015. Building on the NEXUS Based Climate Adaptation Mechanism for Integrated Environment Security. pp. 46-61.
  2. Kim SB, Cha EJ, Moon HS. 2010. A study on the indoor temperature reduction effect and the plants suitability of extensive green roof. J. Nakdonggang Environ. Res. Inst. 15: 148-169.
  3. Biswas JC, Ladha JK, Dazzo FB. 2000. Rhizobia inoculation improves nutrient uptake and growth of lowland rice. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 64: 1644-1650. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.6451644x
  4. Triplett EW. 1996. Diazotrophic endophytes: progress and prospects for nitrogen fixation in monocots. Plant Soil 186: 29-38. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00035052
  5. Shin WS, Islam R, Benson A, Joe MM, Kim KY, Gopal S, et al. 2016. Role of diazotrophic bacteria in biological nitrogen fixation and plant growth improvement. Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert. 49:17-29. https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2016.49.1.017
  6. Zehr JP, McReynolds LA. 1989. Use of degenerate oligonucleotides for amplification of the nifH gene from the marine cyanobacterium Trichodesmium thiebautii. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 55: 2522-2526.
  7. Setten L, Soto G, Mozzicafreddo M, Fox AR, Lisi C. 2013. Engineering Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5 for nitrogen fixation and its application to improve plant growth under nitrogen-deficient conditions. PLoS One 8(5):e63666. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063666.
  8. Lin L, Li ZY, Hu CJ, Zhang XC, Chang SP, Yang LT, et al. 2012. Plant growth-promoting nitrogen-fixing enterobacteria are in association with sugarcane plants growing in Guangxi, China. Microbes Environ. 27: 391-398. https://doi.org/10.1264/jsme2.ME11275
  9. Jia SH, Gururanib MA, Chuna SC. 2014. Isolation and characterization of plant growth promoting endophyticdiazotrophic bacteria from Korean rice cultivars. Microbiol. Res. 169: 83-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2013.06.003
  10. Kumari S, Singh J, Masih H. 2015. Isolation and identification of free living nitrogen fixer and Phosphobacteria from the partial flood affected area of Bihar and its effect on growth and yield of paddy (Oryza sativa L.). Res. Environ. Life Sci. 8: 83-86.
  11. Shoebitz M, Claudia MR, Pardo MA, Cantore ML, Ciampi LG, Cura JA. 2009. Plant growth promoting properties of a strain of Enterobacter ludwigii isolated from Lolium perenne rhizosphere. Soil Biol. Biochem. 41: 1768-1774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.12.031
  12. Katherine E, French, Tkacz A, Turnbull LA. 2016. Conversion of grassland to arable decreases microbial diversity and alters community composition. Appl. Soil Ecol. 110: 43-52.
  13. Venter ZS, Scott SL, Strauss J, Jacobs K, Hawkins HJ. 2017. Increasing crop diversity increased soil microbial activity, nitrogen- sourcing and crop nitrogen, but not soil microbial diversity. South African J. Plant and Soil 34: 371-378. https://doi.org/10.1080/02571862.2017.1317852
  14. Wang CO, Zheng MM, Song WF, Wen SL, Wang BR, Zhu CQ, et al. 2017. Impact of 25 years of inorganic fertilization on diazotrophic abundance and community structure in an acidic soil in southern China. Soil Biol. Biochem. 113: 240-249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.06.019
  15. Wang L, Li J, Yang F, Yaoyao E, Raza WS, Huang QW, et al. 2017. Application of bioorganic fertilizer significantly increased apple yields and shaped bacterial community structure in Orchard soil. Microbial Ecol. 73: 404-416. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-016-0849-y
  16. Tjepkema J, Evans HJ. 1975. Nitrogen fixation by free-living rhizobium in a defined liquid medium. Biochem. Biophy. Res. Commun. 65: 625-628. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(75)80192-6
  17. Lee KM. 1987. Studies on the effects of butachlor on nitrogen fixing in nonsulfur photosynthetic bacteria. Master's thesis Sung Kyun University.
  18. Cesar PC, Emilio JV, Monica NR, Carlos EE, Rubio LM. 2017. Kinetics of nif gene expression in a nitrogen-fixing bacterium. J. Bacteriol. 196: 595-603.