DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Evaluating the accuracy of a new nonlinear reinforced concrete beam-column element comprising joint flexibility

  • Izadpanah, Mehdi (Department of Civil Engineering, Kangavar Branch, Islamic Azad University) ;
  • Habibi, AliReza (Department of Civil Engineering, Shahed University)
  • 투고 : 2017.11.12
  • 심사 : 2018.04.04
  • 발행 : 2018.06.25

초록

This study presents a new beam-column model comprising material nonlinearity and joint flexibility to predict the nonlinear response of reinforced concrete structures. The nonlinear behavior of connections has an outstanding role on the nonlinear response of reinforced concrete structures. In presented research, the joint flexibility is considered applying a rotational spring at each end of the member. To derive the moment-rotation behavior of beam-column connections, the relative rotations produced by the relative slip of flexural reinforcement in the joint and the flexural cracking of the beam end are taken into consideration. Furthermore, the considered spread plasticity model, unlike the previous models that have been developed based on the linear moment distribution subjected to lateral loads includes both lateral and gravity load effects, simultaneously. To confirm the accuracy of the proposed methodology, a simply-supported test beam and three reinforced concrete frames are considered. Pushover and nonlinear dynamic analysis of three numerical examples are performed. In these examples the nonlinear behavior of connections and the material nonlinearity using the proposed methodology and also linear flexibility model with different number of elements for each member and fiber based distributed plasticity model with different number of integration points are simulated. Comparing the results of the proposed methodology with those of the aforementioned models describes that suggested model that only uses one element for each member can appropriately estimate the nonlinear behavior of reinforced concrete structures.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Alameddine, F. and Ehsani, M.R. (1991), "High strength RC connections subjected to inelastic cyclic loading", J. Struct. Eng., 117(3), 829-50. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1991)117:3(829)
  2. Altoontash, A. and Deierlein, G.D. (2003), "A versatile model for beam-column joints", Proceedings of the ASCE Structures Congress, Seattle, WA.
  3. Alva, G.M.S. and de Cresce, El, A.L.H. (2013), "Moment-rotation relationship of RC beam-column connections: Experimental tests and analytical model", Eng. Struct., 56, 1427-1438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.07.016
  4. Amorim, D.L.D.F., Proença, S.P. and Florez-Lopez, J. (2013), "A model of fracture in reinforced concrete arches based on lumped damage mechanics", Int. J. Solid. Struct., 50(24), 4070-4079. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2013.08.012
  5. Au, F.T.K. and Bai, Z.Z. (2007), "Two-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis of monotonically and non-reversed cyclically loaded RC beams", Eng. Struct., 29(11), 2921-2934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.12.009
  6. Babazadeh, A., Burgueno, R. and Silva, P.F. (2016), "Evaluation of the critical plastic region length in slender reinforced concrete bridge columns", Eng. Struct., 125, 280-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.07.021
  7. Berry, M.P., Lehman, D.E. and Lowes, L.N. (2008), "Lumpedplasticity models for performance simulation of bridge columns", ACI Struct. J., 105(3), 270-279.
  8. Birely, A.C., Lowes, L.N. and Lehman, D.E. (2012), "A model for the practical nonlinear analysis of reinforced-concrete frames including joint flexibility", Eng. Struct., 34, 455-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.09.003
  9. Burns, N.H. and Siess, C.P. (1966), "Plastic hinging in reinforced concrete", J. Struct. Div. Pr., ASCE, 92(5), 45-64.
  10. Filippou, F.C., D'Ambrisi, A. and Issa, A. (1992), "Nonlinear static and dynamic analysis of reinforced concrete subassemblages", Report No. UCB/EERC-92/08, Earthquake Engineering Research Center.
  11. Filippou, F.C., Popov, E.P. and Bertero, V.V. (1983), "Effects of bond deterioration on hysteretic behavior of reinforced concrete joints", Report No. UCB/EERC-83/19, Earthquake Engineering Research Center.
  12. Ghobarah, A. and Biddah, A. (1999), "Dynamic analysis of reinforced concrete frames including joint shear deformation", Eng. Struct., 21(11), 971-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(98)00052-2
  13. Gu, Q., Barbato, M., Conte, J.P., Gill, P.E. and McKenna, F. (2011), "OpenSees-SNOPT framework for finite-element-based optimization of structural and geotechnical systems", J. Struct. Eng., 138(6), 822-834.
  14. Habibi, A. and Moharrami, H. (2010), "Nonlinear sensitivity analysis of reinforced concrete frames", Finite Elem. Anal. Des., 46(7), 571-584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.finel.2010.02.005
  15. Habibi, A.R. (2008), "Optimal seismic performance based design of 2D reinforced concrete frames", Ph.D. Thesis, Tarbiat Modarres Univ., Tehran, Iran.
  16. Habibi, A.R. and Izadpanah, M. (2012), "New method for the design of reinforced concrete moment resisting frames with damage control", Scientia Iranica, 19(2), 234-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scient.2012.02.007
  17. He, R. and Zhong, H. (2012), "Large deflection elasto-plastic analysis of frames using the weak-form quadrature element method", Finite Elem. Anal. Des., 50, 125-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.finel.2011.09.003
  18. Inel, M. and Ozmen, H.B. (2006), "Effects of plastic hinge properties in nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete buildings", Eng. Struct., 28(11), 1494-1502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.01.017
  19. Ismail, R. and Zamahidi, N.F. (2015), "An evaluation of high-rise concrete building performance under low intensity earthquake effects", InCIEC 2014, 79-86.
  20. Izadpanah, M. and Habibi, A. (2015), "Evaluating the spread plasticity model of IDARC for inelastic analysis of reinforced concrete frames", Struct. Eng. Mech., 56(2), 169-188. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2015.56.2.169
  21. Izadpanah, M. and Habibi, A.R. (2018), "New spread plasticity model for reinforced concrete structural elements accounting for both gravity and lateral load effects", J. Struct. Eng., 144(5), 04018028. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002016
  22. Izadpanah. M. (2017), "A new plasticity model for beam-column element to take into account the influence of lateral and gravity loads", Ph.D. Thesis, Structural Engineering, University of Kurdistan.
  23. Izzuddin, B.A., Karayannis, C.G. and Elnashai, A.S. (1994), "Advanced nonlinear formulation for reinforced concrete beamcolumns", J. Struct. Eng., 120(10), 2913-2934 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1994)120:10(2913)
  24. Kim, S.P. and Kurama, Y.C. (2008), "An alternative pushover analysis procedure to estimate seismic displacement demands", Eng. Struct.. 30(12), 3793-3807. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2008.07.008
  25. Kitayama, K., Otani, S. and Aoyama, H. (1987), "Earthquake resistant design criteria for reinforced concrete interior beamcolumn joints", Proceedings of the Pacific Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Wairakei, New Zealand.
  26. Kunnath, S.K. and Reinhorn, A.M. (1989), "Inelastic threedimensional response analysis of reinforced 676 concrete building structures (IDARC-3D)", National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, State 677 University of New York at Buffalo.
  27. Kwak, H.G. and Kim, S.P. (2010), "Simplified monotonic moment-curvature relation considering fixed-end rotation and axial force effect", Eng. Struct., 32, 69-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.08.017
  28. Lee, C.L. and Filippou, F.C. (2009), "Efficient beam-column element with variable inelastic end zones", J. Struct. Eng., 135(11), 1310-1319. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000064
  29. Lee, H.S. and Woo, S.W. (2002), "Seismic performance of a 3-story RC frame in a low-seismicity region", Eng. Struct., 24(6), 719-734. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(01)00135-3
  30. Lowes, L.N. and Altoontash, A. (2003), "Modeling reinforcedconcrete beam-column joints subjected to cyclic load", J. Struct. Eng., 129(12), 1686-97. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2003)129:12(1686)
  31. Mashaly, E., El-Heweity, M., Abou-Elfath, H. and Osman, M. (2011), "Finite element analysis of beam-to-column joints in steel frames under cyclic loading", Alexandria Eng. J., 50(1), 91-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2011.01.012
  32. Masi, A., Santarsiero, G., Lignola, G.P. and Verderame, G.M. (2013), "Study of the seismic behavior of external RC beamcolumn joints through experimental tests and numerical simulations", Eng. Struct., 52, 207-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.02.023
  33. Mazza, F. (2014), "A distributed plasticity model to simulate the biaxial behaviour in the nonlinear analysis of spatial framed structures", Comput. Struct., 135, 141-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2014.01.018
  34. Mazzoni, S., McKenna, F., Scott, M.H. and Fenves, G.L. (2006), OpenSees Command Language Manual.
  35. Mergos, P.E and Kappos, A.J. (2012), "A gradual spread inelasticity model for R/C beamcolumns, accounting for flexure, shear and anchorage slip", Eng. Struct., 44, 94-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.05.035
  36. Mitra, N. and Lowes, L.N. (2007), "Evaluation, calibration, and verification of a reinforced concrete beam-column joint", J. Struct. Eng., 133(1), 105-120. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2007)133:1(105)
  37. Monti, G., Filippou, F.C. and Spacone, E. (1997), "Finite element for anchored bars under cyclic load reversals", J. Struct. Eng., 123(5), 614-23. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1997)123:5(614)
  38. Nguyen, P.C. and Kim, S.E. (2014), "Distributed plasticity approach for time-history analysis of steel frames including nonlinear connections", J. Constr. Steel Res., 100, 36-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2014.04.012
  39. Pan, W.H., Tao, M.X. and Nie, J.G. (2016), "Fiber beam-column element model considering reinforcement anchorage slip in the footing", Bull. Earthq. Eng., 15(3), 991-1018.
  40. Park, R. and Ruitong, D. (1998), "A comparison of the behavior of reinforced concrete beam column joints designed for ductility and limited ductility", Bull. NZ. Nat. Soc. Earthq. Eng., 21(4), 255-278.
  41. Paulay, T. and Scarpas, A. (1981), "The behaviour of exterior beam-column joints", Bull. NZ. Nat. Soc. Earthq. Eng., 14(3), 131-144
  42. Paultre, P., Castele, D., Rattray, S. and Mitchell, D. (1989), "Seismic response of reinforced concrete frame subassemblages - a Canadian code perspective", Can. J. Civil Eng., 16, 627-649. https://doi.org/10.1139/l89-097
  43. Rahai, A.R. and Nafari, S.F. (2013), "A comparison between lumped and distributed plasticity approaches in the pushover analysis results of a pc frame bridge", Int. J. Civil Eng., 11(4), 217-225.
  44. Reinhorn, A.M., Roh, H., Sivaselvan, M., Kunnath, S.K., Valles, R.E., Madan, A., Li, C., Lobo, R. and Park, Y.J. (2009), "IDARC 2D Version 7.0: A Program for the Inelastic Damage Analysis of Structures", MCEER Technical Report- MCEER-09-0006, University at Buffalo-the State University of New York.
  45. Roh, H., Reinhorn, A.M. and Lee, J.S. (2012), "Power spread plasticity model for inelastic analysis of reinforced concrete structures", Eng. Struct., 39, 148-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.01.019
  46. Russo, G., Zingone, G. and Romano, F. (1990), "Analytical solution for bond-slip of reinforced bars in R.C. joints", J. Struct. Eng., 116(2), 336-355. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1990)116:2(336)
  47. Scott, M.H. and Fenves, G.L. (2006), "Plastic hinge integration methods for force-based beam-column elements", J. Struct. Eng., 132(2), 244-252. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2006)132:2(244)
  48. Scott, M.H., Fenves, G.L., McKenna, F. and Filippou, F.C. (2008), "Software patterns for nonlinear beam-column models", J. Struct. Eng., 134(4), 562-571. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2008)134:4(562)
  49. Sezen, H. and Moehle, J.P. (2003), "Bond-slip behavior of reinforced concrete members", Fib-Symposium (CEB-FIP)-Concrete Structures in Seismic Regions, Athens, Greece.
  50. Sezen, H. and Setzler, E.J. (2008), "Reinforcement slip in reinforced concrete columns", ACI Struct. J., 105(3), 280-289.
  51. Shafaei, J., Zareian, M.S., Hosseini, A. and Marefat, M.S. (2014), "Effects of joint flexibility on lateral response of reinforced concrete frames", J. Struct. Eng., 81, 412-431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.09.046
  52. Sivaselvan, M.V. and Reinhorn, A.M. (2000), "Hysteretic models for deteriorating inelastic structures", J. Eng. Mech., 126(6), 633-640. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2000)126:6(633)
  53. Sun, X.J., Cao, J.P. and Zheng, W.Z. (2011), "Seismic elasticplastic analysis on Outer-Jacketing mega frame for story-adding by IDARC-2D", Adv. Mater. Res., 255, 209-214.
  54. Tsonos, A.D.G. (2010), "Performance enhancement of R/C building columns and beam-column joints through shotcrete jacketing", Eng. Struct., 32(3), 726-740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.12.001
  55. Tsonos, A.G. (2007), "Cyclic load behavior of reinforced concrete beam-column subassemblages of modern structures", ACI Struct. J., 104(4), 468-475.
  56. Tsonos, A.G. (2008), "Effectiveness of CFRP-jackets and RCjackets in post-earthquake and pre-earthquake retrofitting of beam-column subassemblages", Eng. Struct., 30(3), 777-793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.05.008
  57. Walker, S.G. (2001), "Seismic performance of existing reinforced concrete beam-column joints", Doctoral Dissertation, University of Washington.
  58. Zhao, J. and Sritharan, S. (2007), "Modeling of strain penetration effects in fiber-based analysis of reinforced concrete structures", ACI Struct. J., 104(2), 133-141.
  59. Zhao, X.M., Wu, Y.F. and Leung, A. (2012), "Analyses of plastic hinge regions in reinforced concrete beams under monotonic loading", Eng. Struct., 34, 466-482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.10.016