한국물환경학회지 (Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment)

  • 제34권6호
  • /
  • Pages.650-660
  • /
  • 2018
  • /
  • 2289-0971(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2289-098X(eISSN)
한국물환경학회 (Korean Society on Water Environment)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

도시 및 농촌 유역 하천에서의 강우유출 특성 비교

Comparison of Rainfall-Runoff Characteristics at Stream in Urban and Rural Watershed

  • 투고 : 2018.10.06
  • 심사 : 2018.11.28
  • 발행 : 2018.11.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The objective of this study was to compare the rainfall-runoff characteristics in streams of classified urban and rural watershed using land use and population density. EMC (event mean concentration) of BOD, COD, TP and SS increased significantly in urban and rural watershed, but that of TN remained unchanged. Although there were no significant differences in EMC of BOD, COD, TN, TP depending on the watershed characteristics, EMC of BOD and COD significantly increased in the urban watershed, while EMC of TP increased in the rural watershed. In the urban watershed, the first flush time was faster and the first flush effect was stronger in BOD, COD, and TP. However, the difference between cumulative mass and cumulative volume was found to be less than 0.2 in the rural watershed, indicating a weak first flush effect. The discharged masses of BOD (70 %), COD (64 %), and TP (66 %) in the first flush of runoff were higher in urban watershed, while TN (67 %) was higher in rural watershed. The reproducibility of first flush time and the strength of first flush using CV (coefficient of variation) was found to be more reproducible for first flush time in both watersheds. In rural watershed, the CV value of first flush time for TP out of water quality parameters was lower. Whereas the CV values of first flush time for BOD, COD and TP in urban watersheds were similar.

키워드

SJBJB8_2018_v34n6_650_f0001.png 이미지

Fig. 1. The map of the study sites.

SJBJB8_2018_v34n6_650_f0002.png 이미지

Fig. 2. Comparison of EMC and TN/TP before and after rainfall-runoff at streams in urban and rural watershed. a, b indicates significant difference.

SJBJB8_2018_v34n6_650_f0003.png 이미지

Fig. 3. The event mean concentration and discharge load at study sites.

SJBJB8_2018_v34n6_650_f0004.png 이미지

Fig. 4. Comparison of (a) first flush time and (b) the difference of cumulative mass and volume at streams in urban and rural watershed.

SJBJB8_2018_v34n6_650_f0005.png 이미지

Fig. 5. The relationship between watershed area and first flush time.

SJBJB8_2018_v34n6_650_f0006.png 이미지

Fig. 6. The relationship between watershed area and the difference of cumulative mass and volume.

SJBJB8_2018_v34n6_650_f0007.png 이미지

Fig. 7. Comparison of the CV value of cumulative (mass-volume) and first flush time at streams in urban and rural watershed.

Table 1. Population density and land use in the watershed of this study sites (2016)

SJBJB8_2018_v34n6_650_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. Summary of rainfall events

SJBJB8_2018_v34n6_650_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. EMC(Event Mean Concentration) in each sites during rainfall events

SJBJB8_2018_v34n6_650_t0003.png 이미지

Table 4. Cumulative volume and mass rate at the time showing first flush effect

SJBJB8_2018_v34n6_650_t0004.png 이미지

참고문헌

  1. Bertrand-Krajewski, J., Chebbo, G., and Saget, A. (1998). Distribution of pollutant mass vs volume in stormwater discharges and the first flush phenomenon, Water Research, 32(8), 2341-2356. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00420-X
  2. Choi, Y. H., Won, C. H., Seo, J. Y., Shin, M. H., Yang, H. J., Lim, K. J., and Choi, J. D. (2009). Analysis and comparison about NPS of plane field and alpine field, Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, 25(5), 682-688. [Korean Literature]
  3. Deletic, A. B. (1998). The first flush load of urban surface runoff, Water Research, 32(8). 2462-2470.
  4. Deletic, A. B., and Mashsimivic, C. T. (1998). Evaluation of water quality factors in storm runoff from paved areas, Journal of Environment Engineering, 124(9), 869-879.
  5. Go, S. H., Sheeraz, A. M., and Lee, C. H. (2009). Characterization of stormwater pollutants and estimation of unit loads for road and parking lot in Gyeongan stream watershed, Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, 25(5), 689-696. [Korean Literature]
  6. Gupta, K. and Saul, A. J. (1996). Specific relationships for the first flush road in combined sewer flows, Water Research, 30(5), 1244-1252. https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(95)00282-0
  7. Jung, J. W., Park, H. N., Choi, D. H., Baek, S. S., Yoon, K. S., Baek, W. J., Beam, J. A., and Lim, B. J. (2013). Analysis of first flush of recreation park and removal rate according to rainfall-runoff storage depth, Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, 29(5), 648-655. [Korean Literature]
  8. Jung, K. Y., Park, M. H., Hur, J., Lee, S., and Shin, J. K. (2009). Comparison of spectroscopic characteristics and chemical oxygen demand efficiencies for dissolved organic matters from diverse sources, Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, 25(4), 589-596. [Korean Literature]
  9. Jung, S., Jang, C., Kim, J. K., and Kim, B. (2009). Characteristics of water quality by storm runoffs intensive highland agriculture area in the upstream of Han river basin, Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, 25(1), 102-111. [Korean Literature]
  10. Jung, W., Yi, S., Kim, G., and Jeong, S. (2011). Watershed selection for diffuse pollution management based on flow regime alteration and water quality variation analysis, Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, 27(2), 228-234. [Korean Literature]
  11. Kang, D. H., Sajjad, R. U., Kim, K., and Lee, C. H. (2016). Characterization of stormwater runoff according to sewer system in Paldang watershed, Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, 33(2), 142-148. [Korean Literature]
  12. Kim, H., Shin, D., and Kim, Y. (2014). The estimation of population loads in first-flush overflows with various rainfall and regional characteristics, Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, 30(6), 622-631. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.15681/KSWE.2014.30.6.622
  13. Kim, L. H. and Lee, S. (2005). Characteristics of metal pollutants and dynamic EMCs in a parking lot and a bridge during storms, Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, 21(4), 385-392. [Korean Literature]
  14. Kim, S. K., Kim, Y. I., Yun, S. L., Lee, Y. J., Kim, R. H., and Kim, J. O. (2004). Characteristics of road runoff depending on the rainfall intensity, Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, 20(5), 494-499. [Korean Literature]
  15. Kim, S. W., Choi, K., Kim, D. S., and Lee, M. (2009). Characteristics of non-point sources pollutants runoff from agricultural and industrial area in lake Sihwa watershed, Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, 25(5), 768-777. [Korean Literature]
  16. Kim, S. W. and Oh, J. M. (2011). An analysis of first flush phenomenon of 3 catchment area in lake Shihwa watershed during rainfall-runoff events, Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, 27(4), 475-485. [Korean Literature]
  17. Lee, B. S., Jung, Y. J., Park, M. J., and Gil, K. I. (2008). A study on the discharge characteristics of non-point pollutant source in the agricultural area of the Kyongan watershed, Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, 24(2), 169-173. [Korean Literature]
  18. Ministry of Environment (ME). (2014). Water Pollution Process Test Standards, Ministry of Environment. [Korean Literature]
  19. National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER). (2014). The Technical guideline for total water pollutant load management system, 11-1480523-001918-01, National Institute of Environmental Research. [Korean Literature]
  20. Oh, D., Chung, S., Ryu, I., and Kang, M. (2010). Analysis of rainfall-runoff characteristics on impervious cover changes using SWMM in an urbanized watershed, Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, 26(1), 61-70. [Korean Literature]
  21. Saget, A. and Chebbo, G. (1995). Distribution of pollutants loads during rainfall event, GERGRENE/Lyonnaise des Eau Report, French.
  22. Shin, M. and Jeon, J. H. (2017). Comparison of characteristics of nonpoint source pollution from separate and combined sewer system, Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, 33(1), 97-106. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.15681/KSWE.2017.33.1.97
  23. Torben, L., Kirsten, B., and Margit, R. A. (1998). First flush effects in an urban catchment area in Aalborg, Water Science and Technology, 37(1), 251-257. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0273-1223(97)00776-2
  24. Vorreiter, L. and Hickey, C. (1994). Incidence of the first flush phenomenon in catchments of the Sydney region, National Conference Publication-Institution of Engineers, Australia, 94(15), 359-364.
  25. Won, C. H., Choi, Y. H., Seo, J. Y., Kim, K. C., Shin, M. H., and Choi, J. D. (2009). Determination of EMC and unit loading of rainfall runoff from forestry-crops field, Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, 25(4), 615-623. [Korean Literature]