KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE (한국작물학회지)

The Korean Society of Crop Science (한국작물학회)
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Analysis of Genetic Variation in Pre-Harvest Sprouting at Different Cumulative Temperatures after Heading of Rice

벼 출수 후 적산온도에 따른 수발아 발생의 품종간 차이 및 변이 분석

  • Kang, Shingu (Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Shon, Jiyoung (Technology Cooperation Bureau, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Hong-Sik (Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Sook-Jin (Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Choi, Jong-Seo (Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Park, Jeong-Hwa (Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Yun, Yeong-Hwan (Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Sim, Jumi (Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA) ;
  • Yang, Woonho (Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA)
  • 강신구 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부) ;
  • 손지영 (농촌진흥청 기술협력국) ;
  • 김홍식 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 남부작물부) ;
  • 김숙진 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부) ;
  • 최종서 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부) ;
  • 박정화 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부) ;
  • 윤영환 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부) ;
  • 심주미 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부) ;
  • 양운호 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 중부작물부)
  • Received : 2017.12.11
  • Accepted : 2018.03.19
  • Published : 2018.03.31
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Abstract

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) refers to seed germination during ripening, due to loss of dormancy before harvest. As PHS in rice causes decrease in grain yield and quality, tolerance to PHS is an important trait of Japonica cultivars in Korea. It is important to investigate the related genes and environmental factors, because PHS is a quantitative trait. In this study, we examined PHS rates at three different times according to the cumulative daily mean temperature after heading (CTAH) for 5 rice cultivars released in Korea for 5 years from 2013 to 2017 to determine the effect of environmental factors on PHS. ABA content in ripening spikelets was analyzed to understand how it was related to PHS tolerance. PHS rate increased as CTAH increased from $800^{\circ}C$ to $1200^{\circ}C$. PHS rate was significantly different (p < 0.001) among the cultivars, showing Dasanbyeo, Jounbyeo, and Nampyeongbyeo to be PHS-tolerant, and Jopyeongbyeo and Gopumbyeo to be susceptible at all the CTAH of 800, 1000, and $1200^{\circ}C$. In 2015 and 2016, PHS rates were relatively higher, because of high temperature and frequent rainfall during the ripening period. In each cultivar, ABA content decreased as CTAH increased from $800^{\circ}C$ to $1200^{\circ}C$. However, there was no significant correlation between ABA content and PHS tolerance among the cultivars.

본 연구는 2013~2017년에 벼의 출수 후 적산온도에 따른 수발아 발생 양상의 품종간 차이와 연차간 변이를 조사하고, 품종간 수발아성에 관여하는 생리적 요인을 구명하고자 수행하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 벼 품종별 수발아율은 품종 간에 크게 차이가 났으며, 다산벼, 조운벼, 남평벼가 내수발아성이 강하였고, 고품벼와 조평벼는 수발아성이 높게 나타났다. 2. 벼 품종별 수발아성은 연도에 따라 발생정도가 다르게 나타났으며, 특히 2015년과 2016년에는 대부분의 품종이 높은 수발아율을 보였다. 등숙기 기상 조건에 따라 품종간 수발아의 발생 양상이 다르게 나타났는데, 유전적인 특성과 환경 조건의 상호작용이 컸기 때문으로 보인다. 3. 출수 후 적산온도가 $800^{\circ}C$ 에서 $1200^{\circ}C$로 증가할수록 수발아성은 높아졌다. 수발아 검정 시기를 출수 후 일수로 고정하는 것보다 등숙적산온도를 기준으로 하는 것이 기상 조건에 따른 종자의 생리적 발달 단계를 적절하게 반영할 수 있으며, 적산온도 $1000^{\circ}C$에서 종자가 발아력을 충분히 갖추면서 품종간 변이계수가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 4. 출수 후 적산온도 $800^{\circ}C$ 이후 적산온도가 증가함에 따라 ABA 함량이 점차 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 그러나 ABA 함량과 벼 품종의 수발아성은 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다.

Keywords

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