DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Influence of Incorporation Rates of Sulfur on Reduction of the Bicarbonate Injury in Hydroponic Cultivation of 'Ssanta' Strawberry

유황 처리수준이 '싼타' 딸기의 중탄산 피해 경감에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Hee Su (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Kim, Yun-Seob (Department of Horticultural Sciences, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Park, In Sook (Department of Horticultural Sciences, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Cheung, Jong Do (Seongju Korean Melon Fruit Vegetable Research Institute) ;
  • Choi, Jong Myung (Department of Horticultural Sciences, Chungnam National University)
  • 이희수 (국립원예특작과학원 채소과) ;
  • 김윤섭 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 원예학과) ;
  • 박인숙 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 원예학과) ;
  • 정종도 (경북 성주참외과채류연구소) ;
  • 최종명 (충남대학교 농업생명과학대학 원예학과)
  • Received : 2018.03.10
  • Accepted : 2018.04.16
  • Published : 2018.04.30

Abstract

This research was conducted to determine the influence of incorporation levels of sulfur into a coir dust+pine bark medium (1:1, v/v) on the changes in the bicarbonate ($HCO_3{^-}$) concentrations and pH of soil solution, crop growth, and nutrient uptake of 'Ssanta' strawberry. In the preparing of the mixed medium, sulfur powder was added with the rate of 0 (control), 0.23, 0.45, 0.90, and $1.80g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and Hoagland nutrient solution containing $240mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $HCO_3{^-}$ was supplied during the crop cultivation. The growth measurements and tissue analysis for the determination of nutrient contents were carried out 140 days after solution application and the soil solution analysis was performed every two weeks. As the level of sulfur was elevated, the overall growth of mother plants became better showing that the growth indexes except chlorophyll contents were the lowest in control treatment but the statistical differences were not found among the three treatments of $0.45g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ or higher sulfur. The higher the levels of sulfur incorporation, the higher the occurrence of runners and the growth of daughter plants. The length of the runners and the number of daughter plants occurred per mother plants were higher in the treatments of 0.90 and $1.80g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ than the three treatments of 0, 0.23, and $0.45g{\cdot}L^{-1}$, but the statistical differences were not observed between the 0.90 and $1.80g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatments. The rose of pH and $HCO_3{^-}$ concentrations in soil solution of root media continued all the cropping period, but those decreased slightly in the treatments of $0.90g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ or higher. The soil solution concentrations of $K^+$ and $PO_4{^3-}$ in the treatments of 0.90 and $1.80g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ was lower than those in other treatments and the statistical differences in the $Ca^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$ concentrations were not observed among all treatments. The nutrient contents in tissue analyzed in this experiment were the lowest in the control treatments and those increased as incorporation rates of sulfur were elevated. Above results indicated that when 'Ssanta' strawberry is grown hydroponically and the root medium is coir dust and the pine bark (5:5, v/v) mix, the sulfur incorporation rate as pre-planting fertilizer has to be higher than $0.9g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ root medium to reduce the $HCO_3{^-}$ injury.

코이어 더스트와 수피를 동일한 비율로 혼합한 상토로 '싼타' 딸기를 수경재배할 때 기비로 혼합된 유황의 처리수준 차이가 토양용액의 중탄산 농도, pH, 식물체의 생육 및 무기원소 흡수량에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 본 연구를 수행하였다. 혼합상토 조제시 유황분말을 0, 0.23, 0.45, 0.90 및 $1.80g{\cdot}L^{-1}$으로 조절하여 혼합하였고, 작물 재배 중에는 중탄산 농도를 $240mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$으로 조절한 Hoagland 용액을 관비하였다. 식물체의 생육조사 및 무기원소 함량 분석은 양액처리 140일 후에, 근권부의 화학성 분석은 매 2주 간격으로 수행하였다. 유황의 시비수준이 증가할수록 모주의 전반적인 생장이 우수하였다. 엽록소 함량을 제외한 모주의 생장조사 항목에서 무처리구가 가장 저조하였고, $0.45g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 이상의 세 처리구 간에서 통계적인 차이가 인정되지 않았다. 유황 처리수준이 높아질수록 런너 발생 및 자묘의 생장 역시 우수해지는 경향을 보였다. 런너 길이, 모주당 발생한 자묘수 및 1번 자묘의 생체중은 $0.45g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 보다 낮은 유황처리구보다 0.90과 $1.80g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리구가 우수하였지만 두 처리 간에는 통계적인 차이가 없었다. 유황 0과 $0.23g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리구는 토양용액의 중탄산 농도와 pH가 지속적으로 상승한 반면 $0.90g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 이상 처리구에서 다소 낮아지는 경향이었다. 토양용액 내 K과 $PO_4$의 농도는 0.90과 $1.80g{\cdot}L^{-1}$가 다른 처리구보다 낮았으며, Ca과 Mg의 농도는 처리구 간에 차이가 없었다. 유황 무처리구에서 분석한 무기원소 함량이 가장 적었으며, 유황 처리수준이 높아질수록 증가하였다. 이상의 결과, 코이어 더스트와 수피 혼합상토(5:5, v/v)에서 '싼타' 딸기를 수경재배할 때 양액의 중탄산 피해를 방지하고 식물 생육을 촉진시키기 위해서는 유황을 $0.90g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 이상 기비처리하는 것이 효과적이라 판단하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Atkin, O.K. and M.G. Tjoelker. 2003. Thermal acclimation and the dynamic response of plant respiration to temperature. Trends Plant Sci. 8:343-351. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1360-1385(03)00136-5
  2. Alhendawi, R.A., V. Romheld, E.A. Kirkby, and H. Marschner. 1997. Influence of increasing bicarbonate concentrations on plant growth, organic acid accumulation in roots and iron uptake by barley, sorghum and maize. J. Plant Nutr. 20:1731-1753. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904169709365371
  3. Bertoni, G.M., A. Pissaloux, P. Morad, and D.R. Sayag. 1992. Bicarbonate-pH relationship with iron chlorosis in white lupine. J. Plant Nutr. 15:1509-1518. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904169209364417
  4. Choi, J.M. and C.W. Lee. 2012. Influence of elevated phosphorus levels in nutrient solution on micronutrient uptake and deficiency symptom development in strawberry cultured with fertigation system. J. Plant Nutr. 35:1349-1358. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2012.684127
  5. Fernandez Falcon, M., C.E. Alvarez Gonzalez, V. Garcia, and J. Baez. 1986. The effect of chloride and bicarbonate levels in irrigation water on nutrient content, production and quality of cut roses 'Mercedes'. Sci. Hort. 29:373-385. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(86)90021-X
  6. Gerald, K. and E.A. Hanlon. 2012. Neutralizing excess bicarbonates from irrigation water. Univ. of Florida IFAS Ext. Publ. #SL142
  7. Lee, H.S. 2015. Effect and management of bicarbonate concentration in nutrient solution for the growth and physiological disorders in strawberry seedling production. Ph.D. Diss., Chungnam Nat'l Univ., Daejeon, Korea.
  8. Lee, H.S., J.M. Choi, D.Y. Kim, and S.U. Kim. 2016a. Influence of application rates of dolomitic lime in the acid substrate on the reduction of bicarbonate injury during vegetative growth of the 'Seolhyang' strawberry. Korean J. Hortic. Sci. Technol. 34:220-227 (In Korean).
  9. Lee, H.S., J.M. Choi, T.I. Kim, H.S. Kim, W.S. Jang, H.C. Lee, I.H. Lee, and M.H. Nam. 2016b. Influence of various acids added to irrigation water on the reduction of bicarbonate injury during vegetative growth of the 'Seolhyang' strawberry. Korean J. Hortic. Sci. Technol. 34:607-615 (In Korean).
  10. Lee, H.S., J.M. Choi, T.I. Kim, H.S. Kim, and I.H. Lee. 2014. Influence of bicarbonate concentrations in nutrient solution on the growth, occurrence of daughter plants and nutrient uptake in vegetative propagation of 'Seolhyang' strawberry. Korean J. Hortic. Sci. Technol. 32:149-156 (In Korean). https://doi.org/10.7235/hort.2014.13074
  11. Lindsay, W.L. 2001. Chemical equilibria in soils, The Blackburn Press, Caldwell, NJ, USA.
  12. Nelson, P.V. 2012. Greenhouse operation and management. 7th ed. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA.
  13. Plaster, E.J. 2003. Soil science and management, 4th ed. Delmar Learning. NY, USA.
  14. Raviv, M. and J.H. Lieth. 2008. Soilless culture; Theory and practice, Elsevier, NY, USA.
  15. Romera, F.J., E. Alcantara, and M.D. de la Guardia. 1992. Effects of bicarbonate, phosphate and high pH on the reducing capacity of Fe-deficient sunflower and cucumber plants. J. Plant Nutr. 15:1519-1530. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904169209364418
  16. Styer, R.C. and D.S. Koranski. 1996. Plug & transplant production: a grower's guide, Ball Publishing, Batavia, IL, USA.