Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
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Fish Distribution Characteristics of Mudeungsan National Park

무등산국립공원의 어류 분포 특성

  • Ko, Myeong-Hun (Division of EcoScience, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Jang, Su-Lim (Korea National Park Service, Taebaeksan National Park) ;
  • Won, Yong-Jin (Division of EcoScience, Ewha Womans University)
  • 고명훈 (이화여자대학교 에코과학부) ;
  • 장수림 (국립공원관리공단 태백산국립공원) ;
  • 원용진 (이화여자대학교 에코과학부)
  • Received : 2017.10.24
  • Accepted : 2018.02.05
  • Published : 2018.04.30
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Abstract

We investigated the ichthyofauna and fish community structure of the Mudeungsan National Park, Korea from 2014 to 2016 to prepare a conservation plan. We collected 21 species of 6 families collected from 8 survey stations through skimming nets and cast nets during the period. The dominant and subdominant species were Zacco temminckii (43.0%) and Rhynchocypris oxycephalus (15.1%), respectively. The other abundant species were Z. platypus (11.2%), Pungtungia herzi (10.1%), Squalidus gracilis majimae (8.9%), and Z. koreanus (4.5%). Among the fish collection, 13 species (61.9%) were Korean endemic species, but, endangered species and exotic species were not found. Similarity indices based on species composition and abundance showed the clear division of the fish community into two river systems (Yongsan River drainage system (St. 1-7) and Seomjin River drainage system (St. 8)). The Youngsan River system was further divided into the uppermost (St. 1, 2, 4, 6, and 7) and the upper-middle (St. 3 and 5) regions. The number of species appearing in a year was similar at 19 to 20 throughout the survey period. However, the individual number of fish in 2015 (2,670) was 20% less than that of 2014 (3,366) and 2016 (3,429), respectively. The probable reason for this decline is the rapid decline of stream level in 2015 compared to the other years. During the survey period, river works were undergoing at 3 out of 8 stations, having created disturbance in fish habitat and especially impacted on benthic fishes.

무등산국립공원의 어류 분포 양상을 밝히고 보전방안을 마련하기 위해 2014년부터 2016년까지 조사를 실시하였다. 조사기간 동안 총 8개 지점에서 족대와 투망으로 채집된 어류는 6과 21종이였다. 우점종은 갈겨니(Zacco temminckii, 43.0%), 아우점종은 버들치(Rhynchocypris oxycephalus, 15.1%), 그 다음은 피라미(Z. platypus, 11.2%), 돌고기(Pungtungia herzi, 10.1%), 긴몰개(Squalidus gracilis majimae, 8.9%), 참갈겨니(Z. koreanus, 4.5%) 등의 순으로 우세하였다. 한국고유종은 13종(61.9%)으로 출현비율이 높았으며, 멸종위기종과 외래종은 서식하지 않았다. 군집구조에서 영산강 수계 지점들(St. 1~7)과 섬진강 수계 지점(St. 8)은 뚜렷이 구별되었으며, 영산강 수계는 다시 최상류 지점들(St. 1, 2, 4, 6, 7)과 중 상류 지점들(St. 3, 5)로 나누어졌다. 연도별 출현 종수는 19~20종으로 유사하였으나 개체수는 2014년 3,366개체, 2015년 2,670개체, 2016년 3,429개체로 2015년이 2014년과 2016년보다 20% 이상 적었다. 이러한 원인은 2015년이 다른 년도에 비해 낮은 강수량으로 하천수위가 급격히 낮아져 개체수가 급격히 감소하였기 때문인 것으로 추정되었다. 조사기간 동안 8개 지점 중 3개 지점은 하천공사가 이루어져 어류 서식지가 교란되었는데, 특히 저서성 어류가 큰 영향을 받았다.

Keywords

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