Between Philippine Studies and Filipino-American Studies: The Transpacific as an Area and the Transformation of Area Studies in the 21st Century

  • Received : 2018.04.10
  • Accepted : 2018.11.25
  • Published : 2018.12.31

Abstract

In this paper, I argue that while area studies in the United States has declined since the end of the Cold War, its area impulse of has emerged in other fields of inquiry, particularly Asian-American Studies. Accordingly, I explain how the collective reflections of Filipino-American scholars on empire, migration, diaspora, and identity point to the consolidation and viability of the transpacific as an area, which spans both the United States and the Philippines. Addressing several problems with this straddling-mainly as criticisms of Filipino-American Studies-I show how the transpacific serves as a bridge between Philippine Studies and Filipino-American Studies, and helps define the boundaries and overlaps between both fields of inquiry.

Keywords

References

  1. Abinales, Patricio. 2000. Making Mindanao: Cotabato and Davao in the Formation of the Philippine Nation-State. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press.
  2. Agoncillo, Teodoro. 1958. The Interpretation of our History Under Spain. Sunday Times Magazine, 24 August.
  3. Aguilar, Filomeno Jr. 2014. Migration Revolution: Philippine Nationhood and Class Relations in a Globalized Age. Kyoto and Singapore: Kyoto University Press and NUS Press.
  4. Aguilar, Filomeno Jr. 2015. Is the Filipino Diaspora a Diaspora? Critical Asian Studies, 47(3): 440-61.
  5. Ahram, Ariel, Patrick Kollner, and Rudra Sil, eds. 2018. Comparative Area Studies: Methodological Rationales & Cross-Regional Applications. New York: Oxford University Press.
  6. Amoo-Adare, Efipania. 2017. Teaching to Transgress: Crossroads Perspective and Adventures in Disciplinarity. Area Studies at the Crossroads: Knowledge Production after the Mobility Turn. Katja Mielke and Anna-Katharina Hornidge, eds. 269-286. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  7. Anderson, Warwick. 2008. Colonial Pathologies: American Tropical Medicine, Race, and Hygiene in the Philippines. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  8. Balce, Nerissa. 2016. Body Parts of Empire: Visual Abjection, Filipino Images, and the American Archive. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
  9. Baldoz, Rick. 2011. The Third Asiatic Invasion: Empire and Migration in Filipino America, 1898-1946. New York: New York University Press.
  10. Bonus, Enrique. 2000. Locating Filipino Americans: Ethnicity and the Cultural Politics of Space. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
  11. Burns, Lucy Mae San Pablo. 2013. Puro Arte: Filipinos on the Stages of Empire. New York: New York University Press.
  12. Caronan, Faye. 2015. Legitimizing Empire: Filipino American and U.S. Puerto Rican Cultural Critique. Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press.
  13. Chou, Cynthia and Vincent Houben, eds. 2006. Southeast Asian Studies: Debates and New Directions. Leiden, Netherlands and Singapore: International Institute for Asian Studies and Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
  14. Choy, Catherine. 2003. Empire of Care: Nursing and Migration in Filipino American History. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  15. Claudio, Lisandro. 2014. The Imperial Turn in American Philippine Studies and Historiography. Paper presented at the Philippine Studies Conference in Japan, 28 February to March 1, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University. https://www.facebook.com/notes/leloy-claudio/the-imperial-turn-in-american-philippine-studies-and-historiography/10152170401665773/ (Accessed March 1, 2018)
  16. Cruz, Denise. 2014. Transpacific Femininities: The Making of the Modern Filipina. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  17. Culather, Nick. 2010. The Hungry World: America's Cold War Battle Against Poverty in Asia. Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press.
  18. Delmendo, Sharon. 2005. The Star-Entangled Banner: One Hundred Years of America in the Philippines. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press.
  19. Eagleton, Terry. 2000. The Idea of Culture. Oxford: Blackwell.
  20. Espana-Maram, Linda. 2006. Creating Masculinity in Los Angeles's Little Manila: Working-Class Filipinos and Popular Culture, 1920s-1950s. New York: Columbia University Press.
  21. Espiritu, Augusto. 2008. Transnationalism and Filipino American Historiography. Journal of Asian-American Studies, 11(2): 171-184.
  22. Espiritu, Yen Le. 2003. Home Bound: Filipino American Lives across Cultures, Communities, and Countries. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
  23. Fojas, Camilla and Rudy Gueverra, Jr., eds. 2012. Transnational Crossroads: Remapping the Americas and the Pacific. Lincoln, Nebraska and London, England: University of Nebraska Press.
  24. Giraldez, Arturo. 2015. The Age of Trade: The Manila Galleons and the Dawn of the Global Economy. London: Rowman and Littlefield.
  25. Go, Julian. 2005. The American Colonial State in the Philippines: Global Perspectives. Manila: Anvil Publishing.
  26. Hau, Caroline. 2014. Privileging Roots and Routes: Filipino Intellectuals and the Contest over Epistemic Power and Authority. Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Perspectives, 62(1): 29-65.
  27. Hau, Caroline. 2017. Elites and Ilustrados in Philippine Culture. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press.
  28. Hawkins, Michael. 2015. Making Moros: Imperial Historicism and American Military Rule in the Philippines' Muslim South. Manila: Anvil Publishing.
  29. Heryanto, Ariel. 2007. Can There Be Southeast Asians in Southeast Asian Studies. Knowing Southeast Asian Subjects. Laurie Sears, ed. 75-108. Seattle: Washington and Singapore: University of Washington Press and National University of Singapore.
  30. Hirschman, Charles. 1992. The State of Southeast Asian Studies in American Universities. Southeast Asian Studies in the Balance: Reflections from America. Charles Hirschman, Charles Keys, and Karl Hutterer, eds. 41-58. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Association of Asian Studies.
  31. Ickstadt, Heinz. 2007. American Studies as Area Studies as Transnational Studies? A European Perspective. Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East, 27(3): 633-640.
  32. Iriye, Akira. 2013. Global and Transnational History: The Past, Present, and Future. Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  33. Isaac, Allan Punzalan. 2006. American Tropics: Articulating Filipino America. Minneapolis and London: University of Minnesota Press.
  34. Kares, Faith. Practicing 'Enlightened Capitalism':'Fil-Am' Heroes, NGO Activism, and the Reconstitution of Class Difference in the Philippines. Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints: 62(2): 175-201.
  35. Kramer, Paul. 2006. The Blood of Government: Race, Empire, the United States and the Philippines. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press.
  36. Kurashige, Lon, Madeline Y. Hsu, and Yujin Yaguchi. 2014. Introduction: Conversations on Transpacific History. Pacific Historical Review, 83(2): 183-188.
  37. Lanza, Fabio. 2017. The End of Concern: Maoist China, Activism, and Asian Studies. Durham and London: Duke University Press.
  38. McCoy, Alfred and Francisco Scarano. 2009. Colonial Crucible: Empire in the Making of the Modern American State. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press.
  39. McMahon, Jennifer. 2011. Dead Stars: American and Philippine Literary Perspectives on the American Colonization of the Philippines. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press.
  40. Manalansan, Martin IV. 2003. Global Divas: Filipino Gay Men in the Diaspora. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  41. Manalansan, Martin IV and Augusto Espiritu, eds. 2016. Filipino Studies: Palimpsests of Nation and Diaspora. New York: New York University Press.
  42. May, Glenn Anthony. 1987. A Past Recovered. Quezon City: New Day Publishers.
  43. Mendoza, Susannah Lily. 2006. Between Homeland and the Diaspora: The Politics of Theorizing Filipino and Filipino American Identities. New York: Routledge.
  44. Mendoza, Victor Roman. Metroimperial Intimacies: Fantasy, Racial-Sexual Governance, and the Philippines in U.S. Imperialism, 1899-1913. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  45. Nolasco, Janus Isaac. 2016. The Philippines Meets World: The Global Turn in Contemporary Philippine Historiography. Paper presented at the 1st Asian Conference for Young Scholars of Southeast Asian Studies, 9 to 12 November, National Chengchi University, Taipei.
  46. Okamura, Jonathan. 1998. Imagining the Filipino American Diaspora: Transnational Relations, Identities, and Communities. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge.
  47. Patajo-Legasto, Priscelina. 2008. "Introduction." Philippine Studies: Have We Gone Beyond St. Louis? Priscelina Patajo-Legasto, ed. Kindle edition. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press.
  48. Pido, Eric. Migrant Returns: Manila, Development, and Transnational Connectivity. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
  49. Poblete, Joanna. 2014. Islanders in the Empire: Filipino and Puerto Rican Laborers in Hawaii. Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press.
  50. Ponce, Martin Joseph. 2008. Review: Framing the Filipino Diaspora: Gender, Sexuality, and the Politics of Criticism. Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Perspectives, 56 (1): 77-101.
  51. Rafael, Vicente. 1994. The Cultures of Area Studies in the United States. Social Text, 41 (Winter): 91-111.
  52. Rafael, Vicente. 2008. Reorientations: Notes on the Study of the Philippines in the United States. Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Perspectives, 56(4): 475-492.
  53. Rafael, Vicente. 2011. Empire and Globalization: On the Recent Study of the Philippines in the United States. Kritika Kultura, 16: 99-107.
  54. Rowe, John Carlos. 2011. Areas of Concern: Area Studies and the New American Studies. Alif: Journal of Comparative Poetics, 31: 11-34.
  55. Salman, Michael. 2001. The Embarrassment of Slavery: Controversies over Bondage and Nationalism in the American Colonial Philippines. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press.
  56. Sears, Laurie, ed. 2007. Knowing Southeast Asian Subjects. Seattle, WA and Singapore: University of Washington Press.
  57. Shu, Yuan, and Donald Pease. 2015. American Studies as Transnational Practice: Turning toward the Transpacific. Hanover, New Hampshire: Dartmouth College Press.
  58. Tiongson, Antonio, Jr. and Oscar Campomanes. 2008 [2008]. On Filipinos, Filipino Americans, and U.S. Imperialism: An Interview with Oscar Campomanes. Positively No Filipinos Allowed: Building Communities and Discourse. Antonio Tiongson, Jr., Edgardo Gutierrez, and Ricardo Gutierrez, eds. 26-42. Manila: Anvil Publishing.
  59. Tremml-Werner, Birgit. 2015. Spain, China, Japan in Manila, 1571-1644: Local Comparison and Global Connections. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
  60. Vergara, Benito, Jr. 2009. Pinoy Capital: The Filipino Nation in Daly City. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
  61. Watkins, John. 2013. A New Mediterranean Studies: A Mediator Between Area Studies and Global Studies. Mediterranean Studies, 21(2): 149-154.
  62. Zialcita, Fernando. 2005. Authentic but Not Exotic: Essays on Filipino Identity. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press.