Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment (한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경)

Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment (한국지하수토양환경학회)
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Three-dimensional Electrochemical Oxidation process using Nanosized Zero-valent Iron/Activated carbon as Particle electrode and Persulfate

나노영가철/활성탄 입자전극과 과황산을 이용한 3차원 전기화학적 산화공정

  • Min, Dongjun (Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Cheolyong (Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Ahn, Jun-Young (Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Cho, Soobin (Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Hwang, Inseong (Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University)
  • 민동준 (부산대학교 사회환경시스템공학과) ;
  • 김철용 (부산대학교 사회환경시스템공학과) ;
  • 안준영 (부산대학교 사회환경시스템공학과) ;
  • 조수빈 (부산대학교 사회환경시스템공학과) ;
  • 황인성 (부산대학교 사회환경시스템공학과)
  • Received : 2018.12.14
  • Accepted : 2018.12.20
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

A three-dimensional electrochemical process using nanosized zero-valent iron (NZVI)/activated carbon (AC) particle electrode and persulfate (PS) was developed for oxidizing pollutants. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis were performed to characterize particle electrode. XRD and SEM-EDS analysis confirmed that NZVI was impregnated on the surface of AC. Compared with the conventional two-dimensional electrochemical process, the three-dimensional particle electrode process achieved three times higher efficiency in phenol removal. The system with current density of $5mA/cm^2$ exhibited the highest phenol removal efficiency among the systems employing 1, 5, and $10mA/cm^2$. The removal efficiency of phenol increased as the Fe contents in the particle electrode increased. The particle electrode achieved more than 70% of phenol removal until it was reused for three times. The sulfate radical played a predominant role in phenol removal according to the radical scavenging test.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. XRD patterns of particle electrode (NZVI/AC).

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Fig. 2. SEM images of (a) AC, (b) NZVI/AC and (c) EDS analysis result of particle electrode (NZVI/AC).

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Fig. 3. Electrochemical degradation of phenol using particle electrode (phenol: 100 mg/L, persulfate: 2000 mg/L, NZVI/AC: 500 mg/L, Fe loading: 1%, EC: 5 mA/cm2, Na2SO4: 50 mM, initial pH: 3, temperature: 25℃).

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Fig. 4. Effect of current density on phenol degradation by particle electrode and persulfate (phenol: 100 mg/L, persulfate: 2000 mg/L, NZVI/AC: 500 mg/L, Fe loading: 0.2%, Na2SO4: 50 mM, initial pH: 3, temperature: 25℃).

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Fig. 5. Effect of Fe loading on (a) degradation of phenol and (b) decomposition of persulfate by particle electrode (phenol: 100 mg/L, persulfate: 2000 mg/L, NZVI/AC: 500 mg/L, Fe loading: 1%, EC: 5 mA/cm2, Na2SO4: 50 mM, initial pH: 3, temperature: 25℃).

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Fig. 6. Reusability test for particle electrode and evolution of total dissolved iron (phenol: 100 mg/L, persulfate: 2000 mg/L, NZVI/AC: 500 mg/L, Fe loading: 1%, EC: 5 mA/cm2, Na2SO4: 50 mM, initial pH: 3, temperature: 25℃).

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Fig. 7. Degradation of phenol in the presence of different radical scavengers ([radical scavenger]/[phenol]=100/1, persulfate: 2000 mg/L, NZVI/AC: 500 mg/L, Fe loading: 1%, EC: 5 mA/cm2, Na2SO4: 50 mM, initial pH: 3, temperature: 25℃).

Table 1. BET surface area, pore volume and pore size of the particle electrode (NZVI/AC)

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