Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology (한국응용과학기술학회지)

The Korean Society of Applied Science and Technology (한국응용과학기술학회)
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Enzymatic Biodiesel Synthesis of Waste Oil Contained High Free Fatty Acid

효소 촉매를 이용한 고산가 폐유지 유래 바이오디젤 합성

  • Jeon, Cheol-Hwan (Research Institute of Petroleum Technology, Korea Petroleum Quality & Distribution Authority) ;
  • Lim, Kwang-Mook (Vitzronextech) ;
  • Kim, Jae-Kon (Research Institute of Petroleum Technology, Korea Petroleum Quality & Distribution Authority) ;
  • Hwang, In-Ha (Research Institute of Petroleum Technology, Korea Petroleum Quality & Distribution Authority) ;
  • Na, Byung-Ki (Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University)
  • 전철환 (한국석유관리원 석유기술연구소) ;
  • 임광묵 (비츠로넥스텍) ;
  • 김재곤 (한국석유관리원 석유기술연구소) ;
  • 황인하 (한국석유관리원 석유기술연구소) ;
  • 나병기 (충북대학교 화학공학과)
  • Received : 2018.11.20
  • Accepted : 2018.12.17
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

Non-edible oil sources (i.e., Palm Acid Oil, waste animal fat) usually contain relatively high amount of free fatty acids (FFA) that make them inadequate for direct base catalyzed transesterification reaction. Enzymatic biodiesel synthesis can solve several problems posed by the alkaline-catalyzed transesterification, and has certain advantages over the chemical catalysis of transesterification, as it is less energy intensive, allows easy recovery of glycerol and the transesterification of glycerides with high free fatty acid contents. In this study, we synthesized biodiesel through enzymatic catalyzed process using high free fatty acid containing waste oil in biodiesel reactor (1 ton/day) and optimized the biodiesel production processes.

비식용 원료인 Palm Acid Oil, 동물성 폐유지 등은 상대적으로 자유 지방산 함량이 높기 때문에 일반적인 염기 촉매를 이용한 전이에스테르화 반응에 적합하지 않다. 효소 촉매를 이용하면 염기 촉매에서 해결할 수 없는 몇 가지 문제를 해결할 수 있으며, 에너지 소비가 작고, 바이오디젤 부산물인 글리세롤 회수가 쉬우며, 자유 지방산 함량이 높은 트리글리세라이드에 대한 전이에스테르화 반응이 가능하다. 본 연구에서는 고정화 효소 촉매를 이용하여 1 ton/day 용량의 반응기에서 비식용 폐유지를 바이오디젤로 합성하였으며, 반응 공정의 변수를 최적화하였다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Biodiesel Reactor (1 ton/day)

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Fig. 2. Vacuum distillation apparatus (left) and deaciding apparatus (right).

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Fig. 3. Biodiesel conversion before screen mesh installation.

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Fig. 4. Screen mesh installed in biodiesel reactor.

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Fig. 5. Biodiesel conversion after screen mesh installation with air bubbling.

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Fig. 6. Biodiesel conversion according to air flow ratio.

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Fig. 7. Biodiesel conversion according to impeller speed.

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Fig. 8. Biodiesel conversion according to methanol addition rate.

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Fig. 9. Composition distribution of fatty acid methyl ester in biodiesel.

Table 1. Biodiesel analysis methods

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Table 2. Distribution of FAME composition

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Table 3. Biodiesel quality analysis results

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