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Types of Integrative Thinking Ability in Solving Earth Science Items

지구과학 문제 풀이에서 활용되는 통합 사고 유형

  • Received : 2018.07.20
  • Accepted : 2018.12.03
  • Published : 2018.12.30

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to identify the types and characteristics of the integrative thinking that learners with diverse learning backgrounds use in solving earth science problems. Four students in middle school were surveyed using questionnaires to know students' science learning background and test items with integrated content. A total of 200 items, 40 integrated items and 160 general items, were administered ten times. The students did not show a consistent relationship in terms of correct answer percentage in general items and that of in integrated items. In order to understand the type of integrative thinking of each student, after students solve an item, we analyzed the percentage of correct answers by types and interviewed them and analyzed the contents to identify the characteristics of the thinking used in solving each item. As a result, the types of integrative thinking used in problem solving were classified into three types, knowledge-based, real life-based, and integrated inquiry-based types. It is necessary to study various ways to improve the integrative thinking ability considering the characteristics of students in science teaching and learning.

본 연구의 목적은 다양한 학습 배경을 가진 학습자가 지구과학 문제 풀이에서 활용하는 통합 사고의 유형과 특성을 파악하는 것이다. 중학교 2학년 4명을 대상으로 학습자의 과학 학습 관련 배경을 묻는 사전 설문조사지, 지구과학 교과를 중심으로 상황적 통합 영역의 문항이 포함된 검사지를 사용하여 조사했다. 검사지는 총 200문항으로, 10회에 걸쳐 시행되었다. 통합적 사고 능력을 파악하기 위한 문항은 40문항이었고 일반 문항이 160문항이었다. 학생들마다 일반 문항 정답율과 통합 문항 정답율에 있어 일관된 연관성을 드러내지 않았다. 각 연구 대상자의 통합 사고력의 유형을 파악하기 위하여 검사 문항 풀이 후, 유형별 정답률을 분석했고, 각 문항 풀이에 활용한 사고의 특징 파악을 위하여 연구 대상자를 면담하고 그 내용을 분석했다. 그 결과 문제 풀이에 사용한 통합 사고 유형을 지식 연계형, 실생활 연계형, 통합 탐구형으로 구분할 수 있었다. 과학 교수 학습에서 학생들의 특성을 고려하여 통합 사고력을 향상시킬 수 있는 다양한 방안이 연구되어야 할 것이다.

Keywords

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