Molecules and Cells

Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology (한국분자세포생물학회)
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Makorin 1 Regulates Developmental Timing in Drosophila

  • Tran, Hong Thuan (Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine) ;
  • Cho, Eunjoo (Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine) ;
  • Jeong, Seongsu (Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine) ;
  • Jeong, Eui Beom (Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Hae Sang (Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University Medical Center) ;
  • Jeong, Seon Yong (Department of Medical Genetics, Ajou University Medical Center) ;
  • Hwang, Jin Soon (Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University Medical Center) ;
  • Kim, Eun Young (Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine)
  • Received : 2018.09.03
  • Accepted : 2018.09.25
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

The central mechanisms coordinating growth and sexual maturation are well conserved across invertebrates and vertebrates. Although mutations in the gene encoding makorin RING finger protein 3 (mkrn3) are associated with central precocious puberty in humans, a causal relationship has not been elucidated. Here, we examined the role of mkrn1, a Drosophila ortholog of mammalian makorin genes, in the regulation of developmental timing. Loss of MKRN1 in $mkrn1^{exS}$ prolonged the $3^{rd}$ instar stage and delayed the onset of pupariation, resulting in bigger size pupae. MKRN1 was expressed in the prothoracic gland, where the steroid hormone ecdysone is produced. Furthermore, $mkrn1^{exS}$ larvae exhibited reduced mRNA levels of phantom, which encodes ecdysone-synthesizing enzyme and E74, which is a down-stream target of ecdysone. Collectively, these results indicate that MKRN1 fine-tunes developmental timing and sexual maturation by affecting ecdysone synthesis in Drosophila. Moreover, our study supports the notion that malfunction of makorin gene family member, mkrn3 dysregulates the timing of puberty in mammals.

Keywords

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Fig.1. Generation of mkrn1 deletion alleles.

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Fig. 2. Deletion of mkrn1 delayed pupariation and increased pupa size.

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Fig. 3. Downregulation of mkrn1 paralogs did not affect pupariation timing.

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Fig. 4. MKRN1 was expressed in the PG.

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Fig. 5. Deletion of mkrn1 reduced phantom and E74 mRNA levels.

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