Journal of Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회논문집)

Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회)
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Optimal design and operation of water transmission system

상수도 송·배수시스템의 최적 설계 및 운영 모형 개발

  • Choi, Jeongwook (Department of Civil Engineering, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Jeong, Gimoon (Department of Civil Engineering, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kim, Kangmin (Department of Civil Engineering, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kang, Doosun (Department of Civil Engineering, Kyung Hee University)
  • 최정욱 (경희대학교 사회기반시스템공학과) ;
  • 정기문 (경희대학교 사회기반시스템공학과) ;
  • 김강민 (경희대학교 사회기반시스템공학과) ;
  • 강두선 (경희대학교 사회기반시스템공학과)
  • Received : 2018.09.16
  • Accepted : 2018.10.14
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

Korea's water transmission system is operated by the nonpressure flow method that flows from highlands to lowlands due to the nature of Korea with many mountainous areas. In order to store water in the highlands, the water pumps are installed and operated. However, In this process, a lot of electrical energy is consumed. therefore, it is necessary to minimize the energy consumption by optimizing the size and operation schedule of the water pumps. The optimal capacity and operation method of the water pump are affected by the size of the tank (distributing reservoir). Therefore, in order to economically design and operate the water transmission system, it is reasonable to consider both the construction cost of the water pump and the tank and the long-term operation cost of the water pump at the step of determining the scale of the initial facilities. In this study, the optimum design model was developed that can optimize both the optimal size of the water pump and the tank and the operation scheduling of the water pump by using the genetic algorithm (GA). The developed model was verified by applying it to the water transmission systems operated in Korea. It is expected that this study will help to estimate the optimal size of the water pump and the tank in the initial design of the water transmission system.

국내 송 배수 시스템은 산지가 많은 지형적 특성을 이용하여 송수펌프를 통해 고지대에 위치한 배수지에 용수를 저장한 후, 급수구역으로 자연유하방식으로 배수하는 방식을 사용한다. 이 과정에서 송수펌프 운영에 많은 전기 에너지가 소모되며, 이는 전체 상수관망 시스템 운영에서 가장 큰 비중을 차지하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 송수펌프의 적정 용량과 운영방법은 하류단에 위치한 배수지의 크기에 영향을 받게 되므로 송, 배수 시스템의 경제적인 설계와 안정적인 운영을 위해서는 초기 시설물의 규모 결정 단계에서 송수펌프 및 배수지의 건설비용과 송수펌프의 장기간 운영비용을 함께 고려하는 것이 타당하다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 최적화 기법인 유전자 알고리즘(Genetic Algorithm, GA)을 활용하여 송수펌프와 배수지의 최적규모와 송수펌프의 운영스케줄링을 동시에 최적화 할 수 있는 모형을 개발하였다. 개발 모형은 국내에서 운영 중인 송 배수시스템에 적용하여 검증을 실시하였다. 본 연구는 송 배수시스템의 초기 설계에 있어 송수펌프와 배수지의 최적규모 산정에 도움을 줄 것으로 기대한다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Scheme of the proposed optimization model

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Fig. 2. Pumping head (H) and discharge (Q)

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Fig. 3. Decision for tank capacity determination

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Fig. 4. P-city water distribution system layout

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Fig. 5. Pump scheduling comparison (ON=1, OFF=0)

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Fig. 6. Tank water level comparison

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Fig. 7. Economic cost comparison

Table 1. Energy tariff (KEPCO, 2012)

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Table 2. Existing tank and pump size

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Table 3. Comparisons between original and simplified networks

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Table 4. Case description

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Table 5. Comparisons between existing and optimal facilities size

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Table 6. Pump operation time comparisons

SJOHCI_2018_v51n12_1171_t0006.png 이미지

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