Journal of Environmental Analysis, Health and Toxicology (환경분석과 독성보건)

The Korea Society for Environmental Analysis (한국환경분석학회)
권호 표지

Formation and Characterization of K-Chabazite from Coal Fly Ash by Hydrothermal Reaction

수열반응에 의한 석탄회로부터 제올라이트(K-Chabazite)의 생성기작 및 물질특성 규명

  • Lee, Han-Saem (Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Yoo, Ji-Ho (Chungnam Institute of Health and Environment) ;
  • Lee, Chang-Hoon (Korea Environment Corporation) ;
  • Rhee, Dong-Seok (Department of Environmental Engineering, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Shin, Hyun-Sang (Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology)
  • 이한샘 (서울과학기술대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 유지호 (충남보건환경연구원) ;
  • 이창훈 (한국환경공단) ;
  • 이동석 (강원대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 신현상 (서울과학기술대학교 환경공학과)
  • Received : 2017.11.08
  • Accepted : 2017.11.28
  • Published : 2017.12.31

⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In this study, the formation and physicochemical properties - such as the cation exchange capacity (CEC) and crystalline phases - of zeolite produced from coal fly ash (CFA) by the alkali hydrothermal reaction were investigated by performing XRD and SEM analyses. The hydrothermal reaction was carried out using alkali solutions with various KOH concentrations (M), liquid/solid ratio (L/S ratio; L/kg), and reaction times at a constant temperature ($100^{\circ}C$). The results show that K-Chabazite (ca 40%) with CEC values of 220~240 meq/100 g was obtained at 3~4 M KOH concentration, 5~10 L/S ratio, and >48 h reaction time. The three steps in the alkali hydrothermal reaction for K-Chabazite formation - namely, the dissolution of Al and Si ions in CFA, condensation of the ions, and crystallization - were analyzed on the basis of the reaction time. The adsorption capacity (% removal) of the zeolite product for the removal of mixed heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Cr, and Pb; each at a concentration of 100 mg/L at pH 5.0) in a solution was also evaluated, and the efficacy of the zeolite product as an adsorbent was discussed.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 서울과학기술대학교

References

  1. M. W. Gitari, L. F. Petrik and N. M. Musyoka, “Hydrothermal conversion of south african coal fly ash into pure phase zeolite Na-p1”, Zeolite-Useful Minerals, 2016, 2, 25-42.
  2. J. B. Jeong and K. Y. Choi, “Synthesis of zeolite A from coal fly ash by alkali fusion of followed by hydrothermal treatment”, Journal of Korean Oil Chemist's Society, 2015, 32, 240-247. https://doi.org/10.12925/jkocs.2015.32.2.240
  3. R. S. Blissett and N. A. Rowson, "A review of the multi-component utilisation of coal fly ash", Fuel, 2012. 97, 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.03.024
  4. S. V. Vassilev and C. G. Vassileva, "A new approach for the classification of coal fly ashes based on their origin, composition, properties, and behaviour", Fuel, 2007, 86, 1490-1512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2006.11.020
  5. J. P. Brassell, T. V. Ojumu and L. F. Petrik, "Upscaling of zeolite synthesis from coal fly ash waste: Current status and future outlook", Zeolite-Useful Minerals, 2016, Chapter 1, 3-23.
  6. M. Visa, “Synthesis and characterization of new zeolite materials obtained from fly ash for heavy metals removal in advanced wastewater treatment”, Powder Technology, 2016, 294, 338-347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2016.02.019
  7. C. A. Rios and D. C. Roberts, “A comparative study if two methods for the synthesis of fly ash-based sodium and potassium type zeolite”, Fuel, 2009, 88, 1403-1416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2009.02.012
  8. D. Mainganye, T. V. Ojumu and L. F. Petrik, “Synthesis of zeolites Na-P1 from South African coal fly ash: Effect of impeller design and agitation”, Materials, 2013, 6, 2074-2089. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma6052074
  9. S. S. Bukhari, J. Behin, H. Kazemian and S. Rohani, “Conversion of coal fly ash to zeolite utilizing microwave and ultrasound energies: A review”, Fuel, 2015, 140, 250-266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.09.077
  10. J. Gordon, H. Kazemian and S. Rohani, “Rapod and efficient crystallization of MIL-53(Fe) by ultrasound and microwace irradiation”, Microporous Mesoporous Mater, 2012, 162, 3-43.
  11. X. Jie, W. Zhe, W. Deyi, Z. Zhenjia and K. Hainan, “Synthesis of zeolite/aluminum oxide hydrate from coal fly ash: A new type of adsorbent for simultaneous removal of cationic and anionic pollutants”, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2013, 52, 14890. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie4021396
  12. N. Gupta, V. V. Gedam, C. Moghe and P. Labhasetwar, "Investigation of characteristics and leaching behavior of coal fly ash, coal fly ash bricks and clay bricks", Environmental Technology & Innovation, 2017, 7, 152-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2017.02.002
  13. W. M. Soh, J. Tan, J. Y. Heng and C. Cheeseman, “Production of cenospheres from coal fly ash through Vertical Thermal Flame (VTF) process”, Materials Science Forum, 2016, 880, 7-10. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.880.7
  14. T. Fukasawa, A. Horigome, T. Tsu, A. D. Karisma, N. Maeda, A. N. Huang and K. Fukui, “Utilization of incineration fly ash from biomass power plants for zeolite synthesis from coal fly ash by hydrothermal treatment”, Fuel Processing Technology, 2017, 167, 92-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2017.06.023
  15. N. Murayama, H. Yamamoto and J. Shibata, “Mechanism of zeolite synthesis from coal fly ash by alkali hydrothermal reaction”, Int. J. Miner. Process, 2002, 64, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-7516(01)00046-1
  16. S. S. Nam, M. W. Lee, S. B. Kim, K. W. Lee and M. K. Ko, "Synthesis of various type zeolites from coal fly ash", Environ. Eng., 2000, 5, 35-40.
  17. X Querol, J. C Umana, F. Plana, A. Alastuey, A. Lopez-Soler, A. Medinaceli, A. Valero, M. J. Domingo and E. Garcia-Rojo, “Synthesis of zeolites from fly ash at pilot plant scale. examples of potential applications”, Fuel, 2001, 80, 857-865. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-2361(00)00156-3
  18. Y. Luo, S. Ma, C. Liu, Z. Zhao, S. Zheng and X. Wang, “Effect of particle size and alkali activation on coal fly ash and their role in sintered ceramic tiles”, Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2017, 37, 1847-1856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2016.11.032
  19. G. S. Simate, N. Maledi, A. Ochieng, S. Ndlovu, J. Zhang and L. F. Walubita, “Coal-based adsorbents for water and wastewater treatment”, Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2016, 4, 2291-2312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2016.03.051
  20. H. S. Shin, C. H. Lee, Y. S. Lee, K. H. Kang, “Removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution by a column packed with peat-humin”, Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers, 2005, 27, 535-541.