The Evaluation of Quantitative Accuracy According to Detection Distance in SPECT/CT Applied to Collimator Detector Response(CDR) Recovery

Collimator Detector Response(CDR) 회복이 적용된 SPECT/CT에서 검출거리에 따른 정량적 정확성 평가

  • Kim, Ji-Hyeon (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul Medical Center) ;
  • Son, Hyeon-Soo (Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul Medical Center) ;
  • Lee, Juyoung (Department of Radiological Technology, Songho College) ;
  • Park, Hoon-Hee (Department of Radiological Technology, Shingu College)
  • 김지현 (서울특별시 서울의료원 핵의학과) ;
  • 손현수 (서울특별시 서울의료원 핵의학과) ;
  • 이주영 (송호대학교 방사선과) ;
  • 박훈희 (신구대학교 방사선과)
  • Received : 2017.09.29
  • Accepted : 2017.10.20
  • Published : 2017.11.11

Abstract

Purpose Recently, with the spread of SPECT/CT, various image correction methods can be applied quickly and accurately, which enabled us to expect quantitative accuracy as well as image quality improvement. Among them, the Collimator Detector Response(CDR) recovery is a correction method aiming at resolution recovery by compensating the blurring effect generated from the distance between the detector and the object. The purpose of this study is to find out quantitative change depending on the change in detection distance in SPECT/CT images with CDR recovery applied. Materials and Methods In order to find out the error of acquisition count depending on the change of detection distance, we set the detection distance according to the obit type as X, Y axis radius 30cm for circular, X, Y axis radius 21cm, 10cm for non-circular and non-circular auto(=auto body contouring, ABC_spacing limit 1cm) and applied reconstruction methods by dividing them into Astonish(3D-OSEM with CDR recovery) and OSEM(w/o CDR recovery) to find out the difference in activity recovery depending on the use of CDR recovery. At this time, attenuation correction, scatter correction, and decay correction were applied to all images. For the quantitative evaluation, calibration scan(cylindrical phantom, $^{99m}TcO_4$ 123.3 MBq, water 9293 ml) was obtained for the purpose of calculating the calibration factor(CF). For the phantom scan, a 50 cc syringe was filled with 31 ml of water and a phantom image was obtained by setting $^{99m}TcO_4$ 123.3 MBq. We set the VOI(volume of interest) in the entire volume of the syringe in the phantom image to measure total counts for each condition and obtained the error of the measured value against true value set by setting CF to check the quantitative accuracy according to the correction. Results The calculated CF was 154.28 (Bq/ml/cps/ml) and the measured values against true values in each conditional image were analyzed to be circular 87.5%, non-circular 90.1%, ABC 91.3% and circular 93.6%, non-circular 93.6%, ABC 93.9% in OSEM and Astonish, respectively. The closer the detection distance, the higher the accuracy of OSEM, and Astonish showed almost similar values regardless of distance. The error was the largest in the OSEM circular(-13.5%) and the smallest in the Astonish ABC(-6.1%). Conclusion SPECT/CT images showed that when the distance compensation is made through the application of CDR recovery, the detection distance shows almost the same quantitative accuracy as the proximity detection even under the distant condition, and accurate correction is possible without being affected by the change in detection distance.

최근 SPECT/CT의 보급과 함께 다양한 영상보정 방법들을 빠르고 정확하게 적용할 수 있게 되면서, 영상품질 향상과 더불어 정량적 정확성까지 기대할 수 있게 되었다. 그중 Collimator Detector Response (CDR) 회복(recovery)은 검출기면의 거리로부터 발생된 blurring 효과를 보상하여 분해능 회복을 목적으로 하는 보정방법이다. 본 연구에서는 SPECT/CT 영상에서 CDR recovery 가 적용되었을 때 검출거리 변화에 따른 정량적 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 검출거리의 변화에 따른 획득 계수의 차이를 알아보고자 검출거리를 궤도방식(obit type)에 따라 Circular는 X, Y축 반경 30 cm, Non-Circular는 X, Y축 반경 21 cm, 10 cm, Non-Circular Auto(=Auto Body Contouring_ ABC, spacing limit 1 cm)로 설정하였고, 재구성 방법은 CDR recovery(CDRr)의 사용 유/무에 따른 계수 회복 차이를 알아보고자 OSEM (w/o CDRr)와 Astonish(3D-OSEM with CDRr)로 구분하여 적용하였다. 이 때 감쇠, 산란, 붕괴 보정은 모든 영상에 공통 적용하였다. 정량적 평가를 위해 교정인자(calibration factor_CF) 산출을 목적으로 교정영상(cylindrical phantom, $^{99m}TcO_4$ 123.3 MBq, 물 9293 ml)을 획득하였고, 팬텀 실험을 위하여 50 cc 주사기에 물 31 ml를 채우고 $^{99m}TcO_4$ 123.3 MBq를 설정하여 팬텀영상을 획득하였다. 팬텀 영상에서 주사기 전체 체적에 VOI(volume of interest)를 설정하여 각 조건별로 총 계수 값을 측정하였고, CF를 적용시켜 설정된 참값 대비 추정값의 오차를 구하여 보정에 따른 정량적 정확성을 확인하였다. 산출된 CF는 154.27 (Bq/ml/cps/ml)이며, 각 조건별 영상에서 참값 대비 추정값은 OSEM에서 Circular 86.5%, Non-Circular 90.1%, ABC 91.3% Astonish에서 Circular 93.6%, Non-Circular 93.6%, ABC 93.9%으로 분석되었다. OSEM은 검출거리가 가까울수록 정확성이 높아졌으며, Astonish의 경우에는 거리와 상관없이 거의 유사한 값을 나타내었다. 오차는 OSEM Circular(-13.5%)에서 가장 크고, Astonish ABC(-6.1%)에서 가장 적었다. SPECT/CT영상에서 CDR recovery 적용을 통한 거리보상이 이루어 졌을 때 검출거리가 먼 조건에서도 근접검출과 거의 동일한 정량적 정확성을 보였고, 검출거리의 변화에 영향을 받지 않고 정확한 보정이 가능한 것을 확인 할 수 있었다.

Keywords

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