Journal of Korean Society of Transportation (대한교통학회지)

Korean Society of Transportation (대한교통학회)
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Developing the New Work Load Unit of Airport Based on the Relative Value of Cargo and Passenger

화물과 여객의 상대적 가치를 기준으로 하는 새로운 공항 처리량단위(WLU) 개발 연구

  • 백소라 (한국미래물류연구소) ;
  • 박용화 (인하대학교 물류전문대학원) ;
  • 임철현 (인하대학교 물류전문대학원)
  • Received : 2017.07.12
  • Accepted : 2017.10.24
  • Published : 2017.10.31
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Abstract

This study was carried out to suggest new indicators to be used at airports. Generally, passengers and cargo will be handled at the airport, and the airport will achieve revenues through them. However, all airports can not have the same distribution of passenger and cargo throughput. When comparing and analyzing several airports, a uniform result can be expected only if a unit airport throughput indicator is applied. The 'Work Load Unit' is an indicator that integrates passengers and cargo into one, and assumes that the value of one passenger is equivalent to the cargo volume of 100kg. The existing WLU was set up based on the experience at the airport rather than being established through reasonable grounds or analysis, so there was a lot of controversy. The purpose of this study is to overcome these limitations and to suggest new index. In this study, we applied a method to compare the relative value of cargo and passenger to airport revenue. In order to analyze cargo value and passenger value, airport revenues are classified into aircraft operation related revenues, passenger handling related revenues, and commercial revenues. A total of 50 airports were selected, including 14 airports in Asia, 18 airports in Europe and 18 airports in North America. According to the final analysis results, it is concluded that the cargo is equivalent to 280kg of cargo based on the contribution of one passenger averagely. This is higher than the value of 100Kg cargo per passenger.

본 연구는 공항에서 활용되는 새로운 지표를 제시하고자 시작되었다. 일반적으로 공항에서는 여객과 화물을 처리하게 되며, 공항은 이를 통해 수익을 창출하게 되는 것이다. 하지만 공항들 모두가 여객과 화물처리실적이 동일한 분포를 보일 수는 없는 것이다. 여러 공항들을 상호비교 분석할 경우, 통일된 공항처리량 지표가 적용되어야만 공정한 결과를 기대할 수 있는 것이다. 현재 사용되고 있는 여객과 화물을 하나로 통합하여 적용하는 지표로는 '공항처리량단위(Work Load Unit)'가 있으며, 이는 여객 1명의 가치가 화물 100Kg의 화물량과 동등하다는 가정을 한 것이다. 기존의 WLU는 타당한 근거나 분석을 통해 설정되었다기보다는 공항에서 수행된 업무부하 정도에 관한 경험들을 바탕으로 설정된 것이므로 논란의 여지가 많다. 이와 같은 한계를 극복하고 새로운 지표를 제시하는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. 여러 가지 접근방법을 적용할 수 있겠으나, 본 연구에서는 화물과 여객이 공항수익에 기여하는 상대적 가치가 어떻게 되는지를 비교하는 방법을 적용하였다. 화물가치와 여객가치를 분석하기 위해서 공항수익을 크게 항공기 운항관련 수익, 여객처리 관련 수익, 상업수익 등으로 구분하였다. 상대가치 분석을 위해 아시아 14개 공항, 유럽 18개 공항, 북미 지역 18개 공항 등 총 50개 공항이 선정되었다. 최종분석 결과에 따르면, 여객 1명의 수익기여를 기준으로 할 때 화물 280Kg과 동등하다는 결론을 도출하였다. 이는 기존에 적용되던 여객 1명당 화물의 가치를 100Kg으로 설정한 것보다 높은 수치를 보였다.

Keywords

References

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