생태와환경 (Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment)

  • 제50권1호
  • /
  • Pages.169-185
  • /
  • 2017
  • /
  • 2288-1115(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2288-1123(eISSN)
한국수생태학회 (The Korean Society of Limnology)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Long-term Changes of Physicochemical Water Quality in Lake Youngrang, Korea

  • Bhattrai, Bal Dev (Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kwak, Sungjin (Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Choi, Kwansoon (K-Water Institute, Korea Water Resources Corporation) ;
  • Heo, Woomyung (Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Kangwon National University)
  • 투고 : 2017.02.28
  • 심사 : 2017.04.04
  • 발행 : 2017.03.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Physicochemical properties of water quality were analyzed to understand the long-term variations in Lake Youngrang from 1998 to 2015. Nonparametric statistical methods were applied to deduct correlation among water quality parameters and water quality trend. In total observations(N=64), the Secchi depth (SD) transparency showed significant positive correlation with salinity (r=0.458) and highly significant negative correlation with chlorophyll-a (r= -0.649) for p<0.0001 in two-tailed test of Spearman's rank correlation. Significant negative correlations of SD were observed with chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN). These correlation patterns were very similar in rainy (N=25) and non-rainy (N=39) periods too. Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) had significant correlation with COD. Sen's slope test was performed along with Mann-Kendall trend test (significance ${\alpha}=0.05$, two-tailed) to find water quality trend. Positive trends were observed for SD and salinity with Sen's slopes 0.012 and 0.385, respectively (p<0.0001). Negative significant trends were observed for total nitrogen (TN) and Chl-a with Sen's slopes -0.02 (p<0.0001) and -0.346 (p=0.0010), respectively. Temperature, COD and phosphorus components had no trends. Carlson's trophic state index (TSI) for SD, TP and Chl-a were obtained in the ranges of 46~80, 37~82 and 39~82, respectively. Trophic index values suggest that Lake Youngrang was mesoeutrophic to eutrophic and there could be possibility of anoxia during the summer and dominance of blue-green algae. Excess nutrient inputs from external and internal sources were the causes of eutrophication in this lake. The findings of this study would be helpful to recognize water quality variables to manage the water body.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Acquavita, A., I.F. Aleffi, C. Benci, N. Bettoso, E. Crevatin, L. Milani, F. Tamberlich, L. Toniatti, P. Barbieri, S. Licen and G. Mattassi. 2015. Annual characterization of the nutrients and trophic state in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon: The Marano and Grado Lagoon (northern Adriatic Sea). Regional Studies in Marine Science 2: 132-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2015.08.017
  2. Apau, J., S.K. Appiah and M. Marmon-Halm. 2012. Assessment of water quality parameters of kpeshi lagoon of Ghana. Journal of Science and Technology 32(1): 22-31.
  3. APHA. 1992. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 18th Ed., American Public Health Association, Washington. DC., 1801.
  4. Bierman, P., M. Lewis, B. Ostendorf and J. Tanner. 2011. A review of methods for analysing spatial and temporal patterns in coastal water quality. Ecological Indicators 11: 103-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2009.11.001
  5. Carlson, R.E. 1977. A trophic state index for lakes. Limnology and Oceanography 22: 361-369. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1977.22.2.0361
  6. Christia, C., G. Giordani and E. Papastergiadou. 2014. Assessment of ecological quality of coastal lagoons with a combination of phytobenthic and water quality indices. Marine Pollution Bulletin 86: 411-423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.06.038
  7. Conley, D.J., A. Stockenberg, R. Carman, R.W. Johnstone, L. Rahm and F. Wul. 1997. Sediment-water Nutrient Fluxes in the Gulf of Finland, Baltic Sea. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 45: 591-598. https://doi.org/10.1006/ecss.1997.0246
  8. Dailidienė, I. and L. Davuliene. 2008. Salinity trend and variation in the Baltic Sea near the Lithuanian coast and in the Curonian Lagoon in 1984-2005. Journal of Marine Systems 74: S20-S29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2008.01.014
  9. Das, L., J.K. Meher and M. Dutta. 2016. Construction of rainfall change scenarios over the Chilka Lagoon in India. Atmospheric Research 182: 36-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.07.013
  10. Frascari, F., G. Matteucci and P. Giordano. 2002. Evaluation of a eutrophic coastal lagoon ecosystem from the study of bottom sediments. Hydrobiologia 475/476: 387-401. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020399627807
  11. Gazzaz, N.M., M.K. Yusoff, M.F. Ramli, A.Z. Aris and H. Juahir. 2012. Characterization of spatial patterns in river water quality using chemometric pattern recognition techniques. Marine Pollution Bulletin 64: 688-698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.01.032
  12. Gieskes, J.M., H. Elwany, L. Rasmussen, S.H. Han, A. Rathburn and D.D. Deheyn. 2007. Salinity variations in the Venice Lagoon, Italy: Results from the SIOSED Project, May 2005-February 2007. Marine Chemistry 154: 77-86.
  13. Harris, J.M. and P. Vinobaba. 2013. Assessment the Present Status of Batticaloa Lagoon, Sri Lanka by means of Water Quality, Fish Diversity Indices and Pollution Indicating Planktons. Journal of Biodiversity and Endangered Species 1: 105. doi:10.4172/2332-2543.1000105
  14. Heo, W.M., S.J. Kwon, J.I. Lee, D.J. Kim and B.C. Kim. 2004. The limnological survery of a coastal lagoon in Korea (2): Lake Hyangho. Korean Journal of Limnology 37(1): 1-11.
  15. Horne, A.J. and C.R. Goldman. 1994. Limnology, 2nd ed. MaGraw-Hill, New York, etc., 576p.
  16. Jayakumar, R., K. Steger, T.S. Chandra and S. Seshadri. 2013. An assessment of temporal variations in physicochemical and microbiological properties of barmouths and lagoons in Chennai (Southeast coast of India). Marine Pollution Bulletin 70: 44-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.02.005
  17. Jayaraman, G., A.D. Rao, A. Dube and P.K. Mohanty. 2007. Numerical Simulation of Circulation and Salinity Structure in Chilika Lagoon. Journal of Coastal Research 23(4): 861-877. https://doi.org/10.2112/04-0225R.1
  18. Kendall, M. 1975. Rank Correlation Methods. London: Griffin.
  19. Kim, J.Y., K. Bhatta, G. Rastogi, P.R. Muduli, Y. Do, D.K. Kim, A.K. Pattnaik and G.J. Joo. 2016. Application of multivariate analysis to determine spatial and temporal changes in water quality after new channel construction in the Chilika Lagoon. Ecological Engineering 90: 314-319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.01.053
  20. Kjerfve, B. 1986. Comparative Oceanography of Coastal Lagoons. pp. 63-81. In: Wolfe, D.A (ed.). Eastuarine Variabily New York: Academic Press.
  21. Kwon, S.Y. 2002. Limnoecological Study of Lake Hwajinpo. Graduate School thesis. Samcheok National University.
  22. Kwon, S.Y., W.M. Heo, S.H. Lee, D.J. Kim and B.C. Kim. 2005. The limnological survey of a coastal lagoon in Korea; Lake Songji. Korean Journal of Limnology 38(4): 461-474.
  23. Ladipo, M.K., V.O. Ajibola and S.J. Oniye. 2011. Seasonal variations in physicochemical properties of water in some selected locations of the Lagos lagoon. Science World Journal 6(4): 5-11.
  24. Lapointe, B.E., L.W. Herren, D.D. Debortoli and M.A. Vogel. 2015. Evidence of sewage-driven eutrophication and harmful algal blooms in Florida’s Indian River Lagoon. Harmful Algae 43: 82-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2015.01.004
  25. Lee, J.Y., J.S. Choi, J.S. Owen, K.Y. Lee, W.M. Heo and B.C. Kim. 2013. Habitat-specific variation in stable C and N isotope ratios of pond smelt (Hypomesus nipponensis). Animal Cells and Systems 17(3): 213-219. https://doi.org/10.1080/19768354.2013.792293
  26. Lee, M.B., N.S. Kim and G.R. Lee. 2006. The distribution and geomorphic changes of natural lakes in east coast of Korea. Journal of the Korean Association of Regional Geographers 12(4): 449-460.
  27. Limoges, A., A. de Vernal and A. Ruiz-Fernandez. 2015. Investigating the impact of land use and the potential for harmful algal blooms in a tropical lagoon of the Gulf of Mexico. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 167: 549-559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2015.11.005
  28. Magyar, N., I.G. Hatvani, I.K. Szekely, A. Herzig, M. Dinkad and J. Kovacs. 2013. Application of multivariate statistical methods in determining spatial changes in water quality in the Austrian part of Neusiedler See. Ecological Engineering 55: 82-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.02.005
  29. Mann, H. 1945. Nonparametric tests against trend. Econometrica 13: 245-259. https://doi.org/10.2307/1907187
  30. Markou, D.A., G.K. Sylaios, V.A. Tsihrintzis, G.D. Gikas and K. Haralambidou. 2007. Water quality of Vistonis Lagoon, Northern Greece: seasonal variation and impact of bottom sediments. Desalination 210: 83-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2006.05.035
  31. Marthe, Y.K., G.D. Lancine, K. Bamory, D.G. Aristide and D. Ardjouma. 2015. Seasonal and spatial variations in water physicochemical quality of coastal Potou Lagoon (Cote d'Ivoire, Western Africa). Journal of Water Resource and Protection 7: 741-748. https://doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2015.79061
  32. Moon, B.R., H.J. Jeon, S.L. Jeon, J.S. Lee, J.E. Shin, J.H. Ahn, Y.W. Yang, M.S. Hyun and M. Kim. 2015. Seasonal Variations of Water Quality and Phytoplankton of 4 Lagoons in the East Coast of Korea. Journal of Environmental Science International 24(9): 1101-1121. https://doi.org/10.5322/JESI.2015.24.9.1101
  33. Newton, A. and S.M. Mudge. 2005. Lagoon-sea exchanges, nutrient dynamics and water quality management of the Ria Formosa (Portugal). Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 62: 405-414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2004.09.005
  34. Newton, A., J.D. Icely, M. Falcao, A. Nobre, J.P. Nunes, J.G. Ferreira and C. Valec. 2003. Evaluation of eutrophication in the Ria Formosa coastal lagoon, Portugal. Continental Shelf Research 23: 1945-1961. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2003.06.008
  35. Ouillon, S., P. Douillet, R. Fichez and J. Panche. 2005. Enhancement of regional variations in salinity and temperature in a coral reef lagoon, New Caledonia. Comptes Rendus Geoscience 337: 1509-1517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crte.2005.08.005
  36. Perilla, O.L.U., A.G. Gomez, C.A. Diaz and J.A.R. Cortezon. 2012. Methodology to assess sustainable management of water resources in coastal lagoons with agricultural uses: An application to the Albufera lagoon of Valencia (Eastern Spain). Ecological Indicators 13: 129-143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.05.019
  37. Rizzetto, R. and L. Tosi. 2012. Rapid response of tidal channel networks to sea-level variations (Venice Lagoon, Italy). Global and Planetary Change 92-93: 191-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2012.05.022
  38. Roselli, L., A. Fabbrocini, C. Manzo and R. D’Adamo. 2009. Hydrological heterogeneity, nutrient dynamics and water quality of a non-tidal lentic ecosystem (Lesina Lagoon, Italy). Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 84: 539-552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2009.07.023
  39. Schallenberg, M., S.T. Larned, S. Hayward and C. Arbuckle. 2010. Contrasting effects of managed opening regimes on water quality in two intermittently closed and open coastal lakes. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 86: 587-597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2009.11.001
  40. Sen, P.K. 1968. Estimates of the regression coefficient based on Kendall’s tau. Journal of the American Statistical Association 63: 1379-1389. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1968.10480934
  41. Sokcho City. 2011. Lake Youngrang freshwater fish habitat restoration project, detailed design report.
  42. Trabelsi, E.L.B., Z. Armi, N. Trabelsi-Annabi, A. Shili and N.B. Maiz. 2013. Water quality variables as indicators in the restoration impact assessment of the north lagoon of Tunis, South Mediterranean. Journal of Sea Research 79: 12-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2013.01.003
  43. Tulipani, S., K. Grice, E. Krull, P. Greenwood and A.T. Revill. 2014. Salinity variations in the northern Coorong Lagoon, South Australia: Significant changes in the ecosystem following human alteration to the natural water regime. Organic Geochemistry 75: 74-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2014.04.013
  44. Yoon, S.O., S.G. Hwang, C.S. Park, H.S. Kim and Y.R. Moon. 2008. Landscape Changes of Coastal Lagoons during the 20th Century in the Middle East Coast, South Korea. Journal of the Korean Association of Regional Geographers 43(4): 449-465.
  45. Zaaboub, N., A. Ounis, M.A. Helali, B. Bejaoui, A.I. Lillebo, E.F. da Silva and L. Aleya. 2014. Phosphorus speciation in sediments and assessment of nutrient exchange at the water-sediment interface in a Mediterranean lagoon: Implications for management and restoration. Ecological Engineering 73: 115-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.09.017
  46. Zirino, A., H. Elwany, C. Facca, F. Maicu', C. Neira and G. Mendoza. 2016. Nitrogen to phosphorus ratio in the Venice (Italy) Lagoon (2001-2010) and its relation to macroalgae. Marine Chemistry 180: 33-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2016.01.002