Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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Relationship among Emotional Labor, Emotional Leadership and Burnout in Emergency Room Nurses - Comparison of employee-focused emotional labor and job-focused emotional labor -

응급실 간호사의 감정노동과 감성리더십, 소진의 관계 -직원중심 감정노동과 직무중심 감정노동 비교-

  • Received : 2017.05.15
  • Accepted : 2017.09.15
  • Published : 2017.09.30
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Abstract

This study aimed to identify the relationship among employee-focused and job-focused emotional labor, emotional leadership, and burnout among emergency room nurses. Data were collected from 168 emergency nurses working at general hospitals in one metropolitan city and analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient using the SPSS/WIN program. According to the results, the mean scores of the employee-focused emotional labor scale were 3.51 points for superficial acting and 3.26 for deep acting. The mean score of the job-focused scale was 3.73 for frequency of emotional surface, 3.36 for duration of interpersonal interactions, and 3.46 for variety of emotional expressions. The mean score of the emotional leadership scale was 3.57, and the mean scores of the burnout were 4.59 for emotional exhaustion, 4.13 for depersonalization, and 3.60 for diminished personal accomplishment. Job-focused emotional labor scores were higher than employee-focused scores. Superficial acting and frequency of interactions in emotional labor were the most frequently performed by emergency nurses. Employee-focused and job-focused emotional labor showed a significantly partial correlation with emotional leadership and burnout. Based on the results, future research needs to develop effective strategies for managing emotional labor and burnout of nurses working in emergency rooms.

본 연구는 응급실 간호사가 경험하는 감정노동을 직원중심 감정노동과 직무중심 감정노동으로 구분하여 감성리더십과 소진의 관계를 파악하기 위해 시도된 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구대상은 종합병원에서 근무하며 연구참여에 동의한 총 168명의 응급실 간호사이다. 자료는 직원중심 감정노동, 직무중심 감정노동, 감성리더십 및 소진을 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 조사하였으며 수집된 자료는 실수와 백분율, 평균과 표준편차, t-test, ANOVA, 및 Pearson 상관계수로 분석하였다. 연구결과에서 응급실 간호사의 직원중심 감정노동은 표면행위 평균 3.51점, 진심행위 3.26점이었고, 직무중심 감정노동은 감정표현 빈도 평균 3.73점, 감정표현 지속시간 3.36점, 감정표현 다양성 3.46점이었다. 감성리더십 평균은 3.57점이었고, 소진 중 정서적 소모의 평균은 4.59점, 비인격화 4.13점, 개인성취감 감소 3.60점이었다. 직무중심 감정노동 점수가 직원중심 감정노동 점수보다 높았으며, 직원중심 감정노동 중 표면행위를, 직무중심 감정노동에서는 감정표현 빈도를 가장 많이 수행하였다. 직원중심 감정노동과 소진과의 관계에서 표면행위는 정서적 고갈(r=.27, p<.001)과 비인격화(r=.40, p<.001)에 유의한 양의 상관관계를, 진심행위는 개인 성취감 감소(r=-.36, p<.001)와 음의 상관관계가 있었다. 직무중심 감정노동 중 감정표현 빈도(r=.21, p=.005), 지속시간(r=.16, p=.037), 다양성(r=.15, p=.046) 모두 정서적 고갈과 양의 상관관계가 있었으며, 감정표현 지속시간은 비인격화(r=.30, p<.001)와 양의 상관관계를, 감성리더십은 표면행위(r=.18, p=.020), 진심행위(r=.33, p<.001), 그리고 감정표현 지속시간(r=.23, p=.003)과 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 본 연구결과를 근거로 하여 응급실 간호사의 감정노동 및 소진을 효과적으로 관리할 수 있는 전략 개발 노력이 필요하리라 생각된다.

Keywords

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