Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

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Covariance Structure Analysis of the Influence of Social Support, Physical and Mental Health Status on Quality of Life among the Elderly at Care Facilities

요양시설 노인의 사회적지지, 신체적 및 정신적 건강수준이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향에 대한 공분산구조분석

  • Lim, Young-A (Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Chungnam National University) ;
  • Cho, Young-Chae (Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University)
  • 임영아 (충남대학교 대학원 보건학과) ;
  • 조영채 (충남대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실)
  • Received : 2017.04.07
  • Accepted : 2017.08.17
  • Published : 2017.08.31
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Abstract

This study investigated the effect of social support (MOS-SSS), and physical (ADL, IADL) and mental (CES-D, MMSE-K) function on the quality of life (WHOQOL- BREF) among the elderly at care facilities. The survey respondents were 524 elderly aged 65 and older living in 15 care facilities located in D city. Data were collected through a personal interview conducted by interviewers who visited each care facility from November 2015 to January 2016. As a result, the quality of life was significantly lower in the elderly group with lower social support, with dysfunction in ADL and IADL than in the normal range group, with depression and cognitive impairment group than in the normal range group. The quality of life had a significant positive correlation with social support, ADL, IADL and cognitive impairment, but a significant negative correlation with depression. According to the results of covariance structure analysis, physical function had a greater impact on the quality of life than mental function or social support. Lower quality of life was associated with lower physical and mental function and lower social support. Therefore, concrete measures need to be devised to enhance physical function in order to improve the quality of life among the elderly in care facilities.

본 연구는 요양시설 노인의 사회적지지(MOS-SSS), 신체적(ADL, IADL) 및 정신적(CES-D, MMSE-K) 건강수준이 삶의 질(WHOQOL-BREF)에 미치는 영향을 파악 하고자 시도하였다. 조사대상은 D광역시에 소재하고 있는 15개소의 요양시설에 입소하고 있는 65세 이상 노인 524명을 대상으로 하였다. 자료 수집은 2015년 11월부터 2016년 1월까지의 기간 동안에 조사원이 조사대상 요양시설을 직접 방문하여 면접 조사하였다. 연구결과, 삶의 질 평균 점수는 사회적지지 총점이 낮은 군일수록, ADL 및 IADL이 정상범위노인 군보다 기능장애노인 군에서, CES-D가 정상상태 군보다 우울상태 군에서, MMSE-K가 정상상태 군보다 인지기능장애 군에서 유의하게 낮았다. 조사대상자의 삶의 질은 사회적지지, 일상생활수행능력, 도구적 일상생활수행능력 및 인지기능장애와 유의한 양의 상관관계를 나타낸 반면, 우울과는 유의한 음의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 공분산 구조분석 결과, 신체적 기능은 정신적 기능이나 사회적지지 보다 삶의 질에 더 큰 영향을 미쳤으며, 신체적 기능, 정신적 기능 및 사회적지지가 낮을수록 삶의 질을 저하시키는 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 요양시설 노인의 삶의 질을 증진시키기 위해서는 신체적 기능의 향상을 위한 구체적인 방안을 모색할 필요가 있다고 생각된다.

Keywords

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