Education of Primary School Mathematics (한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육)

Korean Society of Mathematical Education (한국수학교육학회)
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An Analysis of the Elementary Mathematics Textbooks in Singapore: Focused on the Model Method

싱가포르의 초등학교 수학 교과서 분석: 모델 메소드(model method)를 중심으로

  • Received : 2017.06.08
  • Accepted : 2017.07.14
  • Published : 2017.07.31
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Abstract

A model method has been known as the main characteristic of Singaporean elementary mathematics textbooks. However, little research has been conducted on how the model method is employed in the textbooks. In this study, we extracted contents related to the model method in the Singaporean elementary mathematics curriculum and then analyzed the characteristics of the model method applied to the textbooks. Specifically, this study investigated the units and lessons where the model method was employed, and explored how it was addressed for what purpose according to the numbers and operations. The results of this study showed that the model method was applied to the units and lessons related to operations and word problems, starting from whole numbers through fractions to decimals. The model method was systematically applied to addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division tailored by the grade levels. It was also explicitly applied to all stages of the problem solving process. Based on these results, this study described the implications of using a main model in the textbooks to demonstrate the structure of the given problem consistently and systematically.

싱가포르의 초등학교 수학과 교육과정에서 문제 해결 능력의 향상을 위한 시각적 도구로써 모델 메소드가 적용된다. 그러나 모델 메소드가 실제 싱가포르의 초등학교 수학 교과서에 어떻게 적용되고 있는지 살펴본 연구는 많지 않다. 이에 본 연구에서는 싱가포르의 초등학교 수학과 교육과정에서 모델 메소드와 관련된 내용을 추출하고, 교과서에 적용된 모델 메소드의 특징을 분석하였다. 구체적으로 모델 메소드가 적용된 단원 및 차시의 특징, 수와 연산별 도입 및 적용의 특징을 추출하여 모델 메소드가 어떤 목적으로 어떻게 적용되고 있는지 살펴보았다. 분석 결과, 모델 메소드는 연산이나 문장제와 관련된 단원과 차시에 적용되고, 자연수, 분수, 소수로 적용 범위가 확대된다. 연산의 종류 측면에서 살펴보면 1~2학년에서는 덧셈과 뺄셈에만 적용하고, 3학년 이후에 곱셈과 나눗셈에 확대 적용하여 단계적이고 체계적으로 적용된 모습을 볼 수 있다. 또한 문제 해결 과정의 모든 단계에 명시적으로 적용하고 있다. 이러한 분석 결과를 바탕으로 문제의 구조를 탐색할 수 있는 하나의 모델을 교과서 전체에 일관되고 체계적으로 적용하는 것에 대한 시사점을 논의하였다.

Keywords

References

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