농촌지도와개발 (Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development)

  • 제24권2호
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  • Pages.143-154
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  • 2017
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  • 1976-3107(pISSN)
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  • 2384-3705(eISSN)
한국농촌지도학회 (Korean Society of Agricultural Extension)
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라오스 삼상농촌개발모델의 성공적 추진 - 한국 새마을운동의 교훈 -

Sam Sang Rural Community Development Model of Lao PDR in Approach to Successful Implementation - Lessons from Korea's Saemual Undong -

  • Vongxay, Vongsakda (Department of Saemaul Studies and International Development, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Yi, Yangsoo (Department of Saemaul Studies and International Development, Yeungnam University)
  • 투고 : 2017.05.12
  • 심사 : 2017.06.10
  • 발행 : 2017.06.30
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초록

본 연구의 목적은 라오스 정부가 농업 농촌 발전을 목적으로 2012년부터 국가 정책으로 추진하고 있는 삼상(Sam Sang, 정치적 실천공약, 분산-분권, 국가적 목표) 농촌발전 프로그램을 소개하고, 한국의 1970년대 새마을운동의 교훈을 분석하여, 라오스 삼상모델에 적용할 수 있는 가능성을 제시하는 것이다. 본 연구의 결과 라오스 정부가 추진하고 있는 삼상 농촌개발정책에 적용할 수 있는 교훈을 다음과 같이 제시하고 있다. 상-하향식의 통합적 개발 접근은 한국 농촌발전에 매우 중요한 영향을 미친 것으로 평가하고 있으며, 놀라운 정책결과를 가져온 요인으로 분석하고 있다. 그리고 주민참여의 중요성을 부각하고 있으며 정책을 집행하는 초기단계에는 마을과 마을주민들의 역량강화를 위해서 정부의 적절한 개입과 역할을 강조하며 이를 통한 주민참여를 유도하여 궁극적으로는 자립적 의지를 통한 지속가능한 농촌개발접근이 되어야 한다고 주장하고 있다.

Saemaul Undong (SM U) initiated in Korea in the 1970's is widely acknowledged as a successful model for rural community development, despite its limitations. This paper investigates the success factors of the SMU model and the lessons thereof for Sam Sang Model of Lao PDR, which appears ineffective over the years. Results show that land reforms, social ties among villages, strong institutional support and leadership and incentive system as well as "top-down" and "bottom-up" development approaches are among the factors that significantly contributed to the success of the SMU. However, rural development program would not be effective if residents are unwilling to participate. Therefore, to successfully achieve rural community development in Lao PDR, the government should through the Sam Sang model employ top-down and bottom-up approaches to enhance local participation and address the exact needs of the local people.

키워드

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