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화물차 DTG 데이터를 활용한 고속도로 졸음운전 위험구간 분석

The Hazardous Expressway Sections for Drowsy Driving Using Digital Tachograph in Truck

  • 조종석 (한국도로공사 도로교통연구원) ;
  • 이현석 (한국도로공사 도로교통연구원) ;
  • 이재영 (센트럴플로리다대학교) ;
  • 김덕녕 (한국도로공사 도로교통연구원)
  • 투고 : 2017.03.15
  • 심사 : 2017.04.25
  • 발행 : 2017.04.30

초록

지난 10년 간 졸음운전은 전체 고속도로 사고건수의 약 23%로 교통사고 사망원인 중 가장 높은 비중을 차지하고 있다. 과속, 주시태만 등 운전자 과실이 주요원인인 일반적인 사고유형과 달리, 졸음운전은 졸음이라는 불가항력적 원인에 의해 발생한다는 점에서 타 사고유형과 차별화된 접근이 요구된다. 그 동안의 졸음운전 감소대책은 일반적인 교통사고 대책과 마찬가지로 사고다발지점과 같은 특정지점(spot)에 집중하였으나, 도로특성(해당구간의 화물차 비율 등) 또는 시간특성(누적주행시간에 따른 위험 운전행동 증가 등)을 고려한 감소대책이 필요함에 따라, 본 연구에서는 시 공간적으로 확대한 구간(link) 개념을 도입하였다. 고속도로 졸음운전 위험구간 분석을 위해 화물차 디지털 운행기록계(digital tacho graph: DTG) 자료를 활용하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 졸음운전 위험구간을 산정하였다. 위험 행동지표와 사고 발생건수 간의 상관 분석을 위해 음이항 회귀모형(negative binomial regression)을 통한 졸음사고 예측모형을 추정하였으며 모형의 결과 값을 바탕으로 경험적 베이즈(empirical Bayes: EB) 추정치와 구간별 잠재적 안전개선 지수(potential for safety improvement: PSI)를 산출하여 졸음운전 위험 구간을 선정하였다. 졸음사고 모형 추정 결과, 연평균 일교통량, 화물차 비율, DTG 수집 자료건수, 평균 과속비율(20km/h 초과), 평균 급감속비율 및 평균 급차로변경비율이 늘어날 경우 졸음운전 사고건수 역시 증가하는 것으로 분석되었다.

In the past 10 years, the accidents caused by drowsy driving have occupied about 23% of all traffic accidents in Korea expressway network and this rate is the highest one among all accident causes. Unlike other types of accidents caused by speeding and distraction to the road, the accidents by drowsy driving should be managed differently because the drowsiness might not be controlled by human's will. To reduce the number of accidents caused by drowsy driving, researchers previously focused on the spot based analysis. However, what we actually need is a segment (link) and occurring time based analysis, rather than spot based analysis. Hence, this research performs initial effort by adapting link concept in terms of drowsy driving on highway. First of all, we analyze the accidents caused by drowsy in historical accident data along with their road environments. Then, links associate with driving time are analyzed using digital tachograph (DTG) data. To carry this out, negative binomial regression models, which are broadly used in the field, including highway safety manual, are used to define the relationship between the number of traffic accidents on expressway and drivers' behavior derived from DTG. From the results, empirical Bayes (EB) and potential for safety improvement (PSI) analysis are performed for potential risk segments of accident caused by drowsy driving on the future. As the result of traffic accidents caused by drowsy driving, the number of the traffic accidents increases with increase in annual average daily traffic (AADT), the proportion of trucks, the amount of DTG data, the average proportion of speeding over 20km/h, the average proportion of deceleration, and the average proportion of sudden lane-changing.

키워드

참고문헌

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피인용 문헌

  1. 고속버스 DTG 자료를 활용한 버스 위험운전 행태 분석 vol.17, pp.2, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12815/kits.2018.17.2.87
  2. 사업용 차량의 프로브 활용 가능성 평가를 위한 디지털운행기록계 위치정보 정확도 분석 vol.18, pp.6, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12815/kits.2019.18.6.164
  3. Factors Associated with Freeway Accident Occurrence Involving Commercial Vehicles Using Dangerous Driving Behaviors and Random Parameters vol.22, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.7855/ijhe.2020.22.4.077
  4. 사업용 차량 기반 도로위험정보 제공의 상용화를 위한 통합 평가 vol.20, pp.2, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12815/kits.2021.20.2.30