Korean Journal of Poultry Science (한국가금학회지)

The Korean Society of Poultry Science (한국가금학회)
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Effect of Supplement of Various Antibiotics Alternatives on Performance, Organ Weight, Cecal Microflora, and Blood Characteristics in Broilers

다양한 항생제 대체제의 첨가 급여가 육계의 생산성, 조직 중량, 장내 미생물 균총 및 혈액 특성에 미치는 영향

  • Hong, Eui-Chul (Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Dong-Wook (International Technology Cooperation Division, Technology Cooperation Bureau, RDA) ;
  • Kang, Hwan-Ku (Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Park, Ki-Tae (Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Jeon, Jin-Joo (Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Hyun-Soo (Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Park, Sung-Bok (Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Chan-Ho (Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Kim, Sang-Ho (Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA)
  • 홍의철 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 가금연구소) ;
  • 김동욱 (농촌진흥청 기술협력국 국제기술협력과) ;
  • 강환구 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 가금연구소) ;
  • 박기태 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 가금연구소) ;
  • 전진주 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 가금연구소) ;
  • 김현수 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 가금연구소) ;
  • 박성복 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 가금연구소) ;
  • 김찬호 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 가금연구소) ;
  • 김상호 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 가금연구소)
  • Received : 2017.06.03
  • Accepted : 2017.06.21
  • Published : 2017.06.30
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Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with Lactobacillus, medicinal plant extracts, and plant extracts on growth performance, cecal microflora, relative organ weight, and lymphocyte profile in broiler chickens. One hundred broilers (5 wk old) were used and divided into five (treatment) ${\times}$ two (challenged Salmonella) groups containing 10 broilers. The treatments were as follows: no antibiotics group (NC), antibiotics group (PC), 0.1% lactic acid bacteria group (LB), 100 ppm medicinal plant extract group (MPE), and 100 ppm herb extract group (HE). A basal diet was formulated as 3,100 kcal/kg ME and 20% CP based on corn and soybean meal. Broilers were fed with the experimental diets with no challenge for 1 wk and with challenge of SG for 2 wk. SG were added in water as $1.0{\times}10^6cfu/L$. Final body weight and weight gain were significantly decreased following challenge with SG (P<0.05). However, with the addition of antibiotic alternatives, growth performance was improved and reduction of performance following challenge with SG was lowed compared with that of the NC treatment (P<0.05). Coliform bacteria and Salmonella but not lactic acid bacteria increased with the addition of antibiotic alternatives (P<0.05). Lactobacillus increased significantly with the addition of lactic acid bacteria compared with the NC and PC treatments (P<0.05). The weight of liver, spleen, and bursa of Fabricius increased with addition of antibiotic alternatives (P<0.05). WBC was highly reduced at 4 days after challenge with SG, but was normally maintained thereafter. There was no significant difference in coliform bacteria, Salmonella, organ weights, or WBC with the addition of antibiotic alternatives. Finally, Lactobacillus, medicinal plant extract, and herb extract can be used as antibiotic alternatives; but one alternative completely can't alternate as antibiotics. Therefore, further studies are needed to investigate the synergistic effects of two or more antibiotic alternatives.

본 연구는 항생제 대체제(유산균, 약용식물 추출물, 허브 추출물)가 Salmonella gallinarum(SG)에 대하여 육계의 생산성, 장내 미생물 균총 및 혈액 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 수행하였다. 5주령 육계(Ross) 100수를 공시하였으며, 평균 체중($2,512{\pm}4.3g$)에 해당하는 개체를 처리당 20수씩 선발하고, 10수씩 나누어 배치하였다. 시험처리는 항생제 무첨가구(NC)와 항생제 첨가구(PC)를 대조구로 하였으며, 유산균 0.1% 첨가구(LB), 약용식물 추출물 100 ppm 첨가구(MPE) 및 허브 추출물 100 ppm 첨가구(HE)를 처리구로 두었다. 배치 후 1주 동안 시험사료를 급여하고, 이후 SG를 음수 내 $1.0{\times}10^6cfu/L$로 첨가하여 경구투여하고 2주간 사육하였다. 시험사료는 옥수수, 대두박을 기초로 대사에너지 3,100 kcal/kg, 조단백질 함량 20%가 되도록 배합하였다. SG 공격접종 시종료 체중 및 증체량이 유의적으로 감소하였다(P<0.05). 반면에, 유산균, 약용식물 추출물 및 허브 추출물 첨가 급여 시육계의 생산성은 무항생제 처리구에 비해 향상되었으며, SG 공격접종에 따른 생산성 저하가 감소되었다(P<0.05). SG를 공격접종한 경우, coliform bacteria와 Salmonella 수가 증가하였으나(P<0.05), 유산균 수에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 유산균 첨가 급여 시 장내 유산균 수는 무항생제 및 항생제 처리구에 비해 유의적으로 증가하였다(P<0.05). SG 공격접종 시간, 비장 및 F낭의 상대적 중량이 유의하게 증가하였고(P<0.05), 공격접종 후 4일차에 WBC가 급격히 감소하였으며, 시간이 경과함에 따라 정상 수준으로 돌아왔다. Coliform bacteria와 Salmonella 수, 조직 중량, WBC의 수에 대한 유산균, 약용식물 추출물 및 허브 추출물의 첨가에 따른 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 결과적으로, 유산균이나 식물 추출물은 항생제 대체제로서 이용이 가능하며, 이들의 복합사용에 대하여 추가적인 연구가 필요하다.

Keywords

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