Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
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Resources Use Characteristics of Higher Fungi in Byeonsanbando National Park

변산반도 국립공원 고등균류의 자원이용적 특성

  • Jang, Seog-Ki (Department of Environmental Landscape Architecture, College of Life Science & Natural Resource, Wonkwang University)
  • 장석기 (원광대학교 산림조경학과)
  • Received : 2017.01.23
  • Accepted : 2017.04.21
  • Published : 2017.04.30
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Abstract

According to the survey on higher fungi from 2009 to 2011 and also in 2015 in Byeonsanbando National Park, a total of 2 division, 6 class, 18 orders, 61 families, 157 genera and 323 species were observed. In case of Agaricales, there were 23 families, 67 genera and 153 species; Boletales, there were 6 families, 27 genera and 45 species; Russulales, there were 3 family, 4 genera and 40 species; Polyporales, there were 6 family, 21 genera, 28 species. Thus, most of them belonged to the following 4 orders: Agaricales, Russulales, Boletales and Polyporales. Dominant species belonged to Boletaceae (37 species), Russulaceae (36 species), Agaricaceae (28 species) and Amamtaceae (25 species). For the habitat environment, the ectomycorrhizal mushrooms were 40.2% (poisonous mushrooms, 46 species; edible & medicinal mushrooms, 51 species; unknown edible & poisonous mushrooms, 26 species), litter decomposing and wood rotting fungi 35.3%(poisonous mushrooms, 10 species; edible & medicinal mushrooms, 52 species; unknown edible & poisonous mushrooms, 46species), grounding Fungi 22.3%(poisonous mushrooms, 8 species; edible & medicinal mushrooms, 31 species; unknown edible & poisonous mushrooms, 29 species). Monthly, most of poisonous mushrooms, edible & medicinal mushrooms and unknown edible & poisonous mushrooms were found in July and August. In terms of altitude, the most species were observed at 1~99m and the populations dropped by a significant level at an altitude of 200m or higher. It seemed that the most diversified poisonous mushrooms, edible & medicinal mushrooms and unknown edible & poisonous mushrooms occurred at climate conditions with a mean air temperature at $24.0{\sim}25.9^{\circ}C$, the highest air temperature at $28.0{\sim}29.9^{\circ}C$, the lowest air temperature at $20.0{\sim}21.9^{\circ}C$, a relative humidity at 77.0~79.9% and a rainfall of 300.0~499.9mm.

2009년부터 2011년, 2015년까지 변산반도 국립공원의 고등균류를 조사한 결과, 총 2문 6강 18목 61과 157속 323종이 조사 되었으며, 주름버섯목(Agaricales)이 23과 67속 153종, 그물버섯목(Boletales) 6과 27속 45종, 무당버섯목(Russulales) 3과 4속 40종 및 구멍장이버섯목(Polyporales) 6과 21속 28종으로 4목의 종수가 총 266종으로 전체 종수의 82.4%로 대부분을 차지한 것으로 나타났다. 가장 많은 종수가 조사된 균류는 그물버섯과로 37종이었으며, 무당버섯과(36종), 주름버섯과(28종) 및 광대버섯과(25종) 순으로 우점하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 서식환경별에서는 외생균근성 버섯은 15과 38속 130종(40.2%)으로 독성 버섯은 46종, 식 약용 버섯 51종 및 식 독 불명 버섯 26종 등이 조사되었으며 낙엽 및 목재부후균은 33과 72속 114종(35.3%)이었고 이 중 독성 버섯은 10종, 식 약용 버섯 52종 및 식 독 불명 버섯 46종 등이, 지상균은 24과 47속 72종(22.3%)이었고 독성 버섯은 8종, 식 약용 버섯 31종 및 식 독 불명 버섯 29종 등인 것으로 나타났다. 월별 발생에서는 대부분의 독성 버섯, 식 약용 버섯 및 식 독 불명 버섯 등은 7월과 8월에 집중적으로 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 고도별에서는 대부분의 독성 버섯, 식 약용 버섯 및 식 독 불명 버섯 등은 1~199m 지역에서 많이 발생되고 있는 것으로 나타났으며 200m 이상 지역에서는 현저히 낮아지는 것으로 조사되었다. 독성 버섯, 식 약용 버섯 및 식 독 불명 버섯 등은 평균온도에서는 $24.0{\sim}25.9^{\circ}C$, 최고온도 $28.0{\sim}29.9^{\circ}C$, 최저온도 $20.0{\sim}21.9^{\circ}C$, 상대습도 77.0~79.9% 및 강수량 300.0~499.9mm일 때 발생이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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