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Assessment of Inorganic Nutrients Contents of Seasonal Foods in Seoul

계절별 다소비식품 중 무기영양원소 함량 평가

  • Lee, Kyeong-Ah (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Jang, Mi-Ra (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Kim, Ouk-Hee (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Park, Young-Ae (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Choi, Bu-Chuhl (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Han, Sung-Hee (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Kim, Li-La (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Kyeong (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Lee, Jib-Ho (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Hwang, In-Sook (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Oh, Young-Hee (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment) ;
  • Jung, Kweon (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment)
  • 이경아 (서울시보건환경연구원) ;
  • 장미라 (서울시보건환경연구원) ;
  • 김욱희 (서울시보건환경연구원) ;
  • 박영애 (서울시보건환경연구원) ;
  • 최부철 (서울시보건환경연구원) ;
  • 한성희 (서울시보건환경연구원) ;
  • 김리라 (서울시보건환경연구원) ;
  • 김진경 (서울시보건환경연구원) ;
  • 이집호 (서울시보건환경연구원) ;
  • 황인숙 (서울시보건환경연구원) ;
  • 오영희 (서울시보건환경연구원) ;
  • 정권 (서울시보건환경연구원)
  • Received : 2016.12.27
  • Accepted : 2017.03.08
  • Published : 2017.04.30

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the sodium (Na) and potassium (K) content of seasonal foods Four hundred food samples classified into 8 different kinds of seasonal foods were collected from 150 restaurants located in Seoul. The Na and K content in seasonal foods were the analyzed by ICP-OES. The Average content of Na and K in spicy seafood noodle soup were highest as $391.4{\pm}72.7mg$/100 g and $88.6{\pm}21.4mg$/100 g, respectly, while average content of Na was lowest in spicy buckwheat noodles as $255.3{\pm}67.0mg$/ 100 g and the average content of K was lowest in Udon as $36.3{\pm}17.8mg$/ 100 g, respectively. The Na/K ratio of spicy buckwheat noodles was $3.2{\pm}1.0$, while those of cold buckwheat noodles, fish cake, Udon were very high as measured more than 8. Among the seasonal foods, the average content of Na was highest in Winter group as $366.9{\pm}81.8mg$/ 100 g and the average content of K was highest in Autumn group as $84.8{\pm}24.1mg$/ 100 g. The ratio of Na/K was lowest in Summer group as $5.9{\pm}3.3$.

본 연구는 서울시내 150개 음식점에서 수거한 계절별 음식 8종류 400건의 나트륨 및 칼륨 함량을 조사하였다. 계절별 음식은 여름철 메뉴 물냉면, 비빔냉면, 가을철 메뉴 떡볶이, 어묵꼬치, 튀김, 겨울철 메뉴 짬뽕, 우동, 해물 칼국수를 포함하였으며, 각 시료의 나트륨과 칼륨 평균함량 분석결과는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다(p < 0.05). 나트륨 평균함량은 짬뽕 $391.4{\pm}72.7mg$/ 100 g, 튀김 $385.1{\pm}92.7mg$/ 100 g, 떡볶이 $373.3{\pm}90.6mg$/ 100 g, 어묵 꼬치 $366.9{\pm}81.8mg$/ 100 g는 다른 그룹에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났으며, 비빔냉면 $255.3{\pm}67.0mg$/ 100 g, 해물칼국수 $261.9{\pm}57.2mg$/ 100 g으로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 칼륨 평균함량은 짬뽕 $88.6{\pm}21.4mg$/ 100 g, 비빔냉면 $84.8{\pm}24.1mg$/ 100 g, 떡볶이 $81.7{\pm}23.7mg$/ 100 g으로 다른 그룹에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났으며, 물냉면 $41.2{\pm}10.4mg$/ 100 g, 어묵꼬치 $39.5{\pm}18.4mg$/ 100 g, 우동 $36.3{\pm}17.8mg$/ 100 g으로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 음식점에서 제공하는 각 메뉴의 1인분 기준으로 나트륨 함량은 짬뽕 $3,780.7{\pm}878.8mg$, 물냉면 $3,463.2{\pm}1178.7mg$, 어묵꼬치 $2,715.9{\pm}1078.3mg$, 해물칼국수 $2,671.1{\pm}786.5mg$, 우동 $2,298.8{\pm}592.3mg$으로 WHO에서 정한 1일 권장 나트륨 섭취량 2,000 mg 보다 높은 결과를 보였다. 조리하는 음식점에 따라서 짬뽕은 많게는 5,768.9 mg까지 나트륨이 함유되어 있어 나트륨 1일 권장 섭취량보다 2.9배나 섭취하게 되므로 나트륨 과다 섭취로 인한 건강문제를 야기시킬 수 있다. 나트륨/칼륨 섭취비율에 대해 분석한 결과 어묵꼬치 $10.8{\pm}4.3$, 우동 $10.2{\pm}4.0$, 물냉면 $8.6{\pm}2.3$, 튀김 $5.9{\pm}1.9$ 순으로 높게 나타났다. 비빔냉면이 $3.2{\pm}1.0$으로 Na/K 섭취비율이 1에 가까운 비율을 나타냈고, 어묵꼬치의 Na/K 섭취비율이 최고 26.6로 칼륨함량에 비해 나트륨함량이 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. Na/K 섭취비율은 바람직한 섭취비율인 1:1의 1/3이하로 칼륨 섭취가 크게 부족한 것을 알 수 있었다. 칼륨의 섭취량이 증가하면 나트륨 흡수를 감소시킬 수 있으므로 나트륨의 과잉 섭취로 유발되는 고혈압에 대해 보호 작용을 한다고 알려져 있다. 나트륨 섭취를 줄이기 위해서 정부의 시책과 더불어 국민건강을 위하여 나트륨 섭취를 줄이고 칼륨 섭취를 증가시킬 수 있는 효과적인 식단 및 나트륨을 비롯한 영양성분표시를 의무 화해 소비자들에게 정확한 영양정보를 제공함으로써 올바른 식품의 선택뿐만 아니라 실천할 수 있는 생활습관의 교육 등 Na/K 섭취비율을 높일 수 있는 메뉴 및 방법을 다각적으로 연구할 필요가 있다.

Keywords

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