The Korean Journal of Mycology (한국균학회지)

The Korean Society of Mycology (한국균학회)
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Characteristics and Distribution of Microorganisms in a Rice Straw Compost for Cultivation of Button Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus)

양송이 재배에서 볏짚 배지의 발효 단계별 관여 미생물의 분포양상 및 특성

  • Lee, Chan-Jung (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Yoo, Young-Mi (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Moon, Ji-Won (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Cheong, Jong-Chun (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Kong, Won-Sik (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Kim, Yong-Gyun (Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Lee, Byung-Eui (Department of Chemistry, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Yoon, Min-Ho (Department of Bio Environmental Chemistry, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Sa, Tong-min (Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Chungbuk National University)
  • 이찬중 (국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 유영미 (국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 문지원 (국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 정종천 (국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 공원식 (국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 김용균 (충청남도농업기술원 원예연구과) ;
  • 이병의 (순천향대학교 화학과) ;
  • 윤민호 (충남대학교 생물환경화학과) ;
  • 사동민 (충북대학교 환경생명화학과)
  • Received : 2016.09.07
  • Accepted : 2016.09.28
  • Published : 2017.03.01
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Abstract

In this study, we analyzed the densities and taxonomic characteristics of various microorganisms that play important roles in Agaricus bisporus culture medium composting, and examined changes in the levels of decomposition-related enzymes secreted by these microorganisms. Various microorganisms such as thermophilic bacteria, actinomycetes, fluorescent Pseudomonas spp., and filamentous bacteria are closely associated with culture medium composts of Agaricus bisporus. The population densities of microorganisms change, and harmful bacteria disappear during thermophilic composting. Psychrobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp., and Pseudoxanthomonas sp. accounted for the highest proportion of bacteria in the culture media during outdoor composting, whereas Bacillus sp. and Psychrobacillus sp. were dominant after pasteurization. Cellulose and hemicellulose enzymes of the microorganisms were important at an early stage of rice straw composting and after decomposition of carbon sources, respectively. Microorganisms that secreted these enzymes were present in the second and third turning stage of composting.

본 연구는 양송이 배지의 관행적인 발효기술 개선에 대한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 배지 발효에 중요한 역할을 하는 다양한 미생물에 대한 밀도변화 및 분류학적인 특징을 밝혔고, 이들 미생물이 분비하는 세포벽 분해 관련 효소활성 변화를 조사하였다. 양송이 배지 발효와 밀접한 관련이 있는 미생물의 밀도 변화를 분석한 결과 고온성 세균, 방선균, 형광성 Pseudomonas spp., 사상균 등 다양한 미생물들이 분포하였으며, 고온성 발효가 진행됨에 유해균은 사멸되는 경향을 보였다. 야외발효 과정에서는 Psychrobacter속, Pseudomonas속, Bacillus속, Pseudoxanthomonas속이 가장 많이 분포하였고, 후발효 완료 배지에서는 Bacillus속, Psychrobacillus속이 우점하였다. 이러한 볏짚 발효 과정 중 분리한 미생물의 효소활성은 발효 초기에 cellulose 분해효소가 먼저 배지에 작용하여 탄소원을 분해한 후 hemicellulose 분해효소가 부차적으로 작용하는 양상을 보였고, 이들 효소를 분비하는 미생물들은 2차와 3차 뒤집기에서 많이 분포하였다.

Keywords

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