DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Efficient Implementation of the MQTT Protocol for Embedded Systems

  • Received : 2016.06.17
  • Accepted : 2016.12.03
  • Published : 2017.02.28

Abstract

The need for embedded devices to be able to exchange information with each other and with data centers is essential for the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT). Several existing communication protocols are designed for small devices including the message-queue telemetry transport (MQTT) protocol or the constrained application protocol (CoAP). However, most of the existing implementations are convenient for computers or smart phones but do not consider the strict constraints and limitations with regard resource usage, portability and configuration. In this paper, we report on an industrial research and development project which focuses on the design, implementation, testing and deployment of a MQTT module. The goal of this project is to develop this module for platforms having minimal RAM, flash code memory and processing power. This software module should be fully compliant with the MQTT protocol specification, portable, and inter-operable with other software stacks. In this paper, we present our approach based on abstraction layers to the design of the MQTT module and we discuss the compliance of the implementation with the requirements set including the MISRA static analysis requirements.

Keywords

References

  1. Aricent Corp., "Nevermind the IoT... Here comes the third wave," [Online]. Available: http://www.embeddeddeveloper.com/documents/aricent_nevermindtheiot_herecomesthethird_wave.pdf.
  2. OASIS MQTT Standard version 3.1.1 (2014) [Online]. Available: http://docs.oasis-open.org/mqtt/mqtt/v3.1.1/os/mqtt-v3.1.1-os.pdf.
  3. S. Lee, H. Kim, D. K. Hong, and H. Ju, "Correlation analysis of MQTT loss and delay according to QoS level," in Proceedings of International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN), Bangkok, Thailand, 2013, pp. 714-717.
  4. B. Aziz, "A formal model and analysis of the MQ telemetry transport protocol," in Proceedings of 2014 9th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (ARES), Fribourg, Switzerland, 2014, pp. 59-68.
  5. D. Thangavel, X. Ma, A. Valera, H. X. Tan, and C. Y. Tan, "Performance evaluation of MQTT and CoAP via a common middleware," in Proceedings of IEEE 9th International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing (ISSNIP), Singapore, 2014, pp. 1-6.
  6. N. De Caro, W. Colitti, K. Steenhaut, G. Mangino, G. Reali, "Comparison of two lightweight protocols for smartphone-based sensing," in Proceedings of IEEE 20th Symposium on Communications and Vehicular Technology in the Benelux (SCVT), Namur, Belgium, 2013, pp. 1-6.
  7. S. Bandyopadhyay and A. Bhattacharyya, "Lightweight internet protocols for web enablement of sensors using constrained gateway devices," in Proceedings of International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC), San Diego, CA, 2013, pp. 334-340.
  8. C. Zhou and X. Zhang, "Toward the Internet of Things application and management: a practical approach," in Proceedings of 15th International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM), Sydney, Australia, 2014, pp. 1-6.
  9. J. Luzuriaga, M. Perez, P. Boronat, J. Cano, C. Calafate, and P. Manzoni, "A comparative evaluation of AMQP and MQTT protocols over unstable and mobile networks," in Proceedings of 12th Annual IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (CCNC), Las Vegas, NV, 2015, pp. 931-936.

Cited by

  1. A Study on a JWT-Based User Authentication and API Assessment Scheme Using IMEI in a Smart Home Environment vol.9, pp.7, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3390/su9071099