Korean Journal of Microbiology (미생물학회지)

The Microbiological Society of Korea (한국미생물학회)
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Biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by bacteria with surfactant producing capability and cell surface hydrophobicity

계면활성제 생성능과 세포 표면 소수성을 가진 세균 균주들에 의한 석유탄화수소의 생분해

  • Kwon, Sun-Lul (Department of Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Song, Hong-Gyu (Department of Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University)
  • Received : 2017.08.18
  • Accepted : 2017.11.30
  • Published : 2017.12.31
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Abstract

Some bacteria with different mechanisms for hydrocarbon degradation were isolated from oil-contaminated soils in Korea. Isolate Acinetobacter calcoaceticus SL1 showed biosurfactant- producing activity in oil-spreading test, and it exhibited a good emulsifying activity of 43.6 and 54.5% for diesel oil and n-hexane, respectively. It also has high cell surface hydrophobicity which can make it easily attaches to hydrocarbons and degrade them. It degraded 100% of 1,000 mg/L of n-octadecane and naphthalene, respectively in 3 days, 72.3% of 1,000 mg/L diesel oil in 7 days and 78.0% of 10,000 mg/L diesel oil in oil-contaminated soil during 28 days. Isolated strains Bacillus amyloliquefaciens S10 and B. subtilis GO9 can produce biosurfactant and formed 6.34 and 2.5 cm diameter of clear zones, respectively in oil-spreading test. Surface tension of their culture supernatant reduced from 74.6 to 34.4 and 33.3 mN/m, respectively during incubation, and critical micelle concentrations of culture supernatants were 2.0 and 5.9%, respectively. Consortium of A. calcoaceticus SL1 and B. amyloliquefaciens S10 degraded 77.8% of 10,000 mg/L diesel oil in 3 days, which indicated more efficient oil degradation than that by A. calcoaceticus SL1 alone. If these bacteria were applied together as a consortium to oil-contaminated sites, they may show a high removal rate of petroleum hydrocarbons.

다른 탄화수소 분해 방법을 가진 여러 세균을 유류-오염 토양에서 분리하였다. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus SL1은 기름-분산 시험에서 계면활성제-생성능을 보였으며 경유와 n-hexane에 대해 각각 43.6과 54.5%의 유화활성을 나타내었다. 또한 높은 세포 표면 소수성을 가졌는데 이는 탄화수소에 쉽게 부착하여 그것을 분해할 수 있게 한다. 이 균주는 1,000 mg/L의 n-octadecane과 naphthalene을 3일 내에 100% 분해하였으며, 1,000 mg/L의 경유는 7일 동안 72.3%, 그리고 10,000 mg/L로 오염시킨 토양에서는 4주 간 78%를 제거하였다. 다른 분리균주 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens S10과 B. subtilis GO9는 생물계면활성제를 생산할 수 있으며 기름-분산 시험에서 각각 6.34와 2.5 cm직경의 투명대를 형성하였다. 배양 중 그들의 배양 상등액은 표면장력이 74.6 mN/m으로부터 각각 34.4와 33.3 mN/m으로 감소하였으며, 배양 상등액의 critical micelle concentration은 각각 2.0과 5.9%이었다. A. calcoaceticus SL1과 B. amyloliquefaciens S10의 컨소시엄은 10,000 mg/L의 경유를 3일만에 77.8% 분해하였는데 이는 A. calcoaceticus SL1 단독에 의한 것보다 높은 분해능이었다. 만일 이 세균들을 유류-오염 부지에 컨소시엄으로 같이 처리한다면 높은 석유탄화수소 제거율을 나타낼 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

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