Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A comparative study on Self-esteem, Organizational commitment, Transformational leadership of ROTC Cadets: focus on a non-smoker and smoker

학군사관후보생의 자아존중감, 조직몰입, 변혁적 리더십 비교 -비흡연자와 흡연자 중심으로

  • Yoon, Hong-Gyu (Department of Military Science, Daejeon University) ;
  • Do, En-Su (College of Nursing, Daegu Health University)
  • 윤홍규 (대전대학교 군사학과) ;
  • 도은수 (대구보건대학교 간호대학)
  • Received : 2017.09.13
  • Accepted : 2017.12.08
  • Published : 2017.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was conducted to compare physical fitness, self-esteem, organizational commitment and transformational leadership among non-smoker and smoker ROTC cadets. This study used 425 questionnaires from male grade 3 and 4 ROTC cadets of 12 universities located in P city and G-do. Data were collected from May 1 to June 23, 2017. The data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 23.0 using a ${\chi}^2-test$, independent t-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Running 3km (t=3.26, p=0.046), self-esteem (t=1.06, p=0.003), organizational commitment (t=2.57, p<0.001) and transformational leadership (t=3.98, p<0.001) were significantly lower in the smoking group than the non-smoking group. There was a positive correlation between self-esteem, organizational commitment, and transformational leadership in both non-smokers and smokers. Therefore, to practice smoking cessation for the health promotion of ROTC cadets smokers, it is necessary to develop an effective education and intervention program that can enhance self-esteem, organizational commitment and transformational leadership.

본 연구는 ROTC 후보생의 비흡연자와 흡연자간의 체력측정, 자아존중감, 조직몰입과 변혁적 리더십의 정도를 비교하여 검증함으로써, 흡연하는 ROTC 후보생의 금연실천을 높일 수 있는 프로그램 개발에 기초자료를 마련하고자 한다. 연구 대상자는 P시와 K도에 소재한 12개 대학교의 ROTC 후보생 3, 4학년 남학생 425명을 대상으로 하였으며, 2017년 5월 1일부터 6월 23일까지 자료 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 23.0 program을 이용하여 ${\chi}^2-test$, Independent t-test, Pearson 상관계수(correlation coefficient)로 분석하였다. 연구결과 흡연군이 비흡연군 보다 체력측정의 3km 달리기(t=3.26, p=.046)에서 통계적으로 유의하게 느리게 나타났으며, 자아존중감(t=1.06, p=.003), 조직몰입(t=2.57, p<.001)과 변혁적 리더십(t=3.98, p<.001)은 통계적으로 유의하게 낮았다. 또한 비흡연군과 흡연군 모두 자아존중감, 조직몰입과 변혁적 리더십 간에는 양(+)의 상관관계가 있었다. 따라서 본 연구결과 흡연하는 ROTC 후보생의 건강증진을 위해 금연을 실천하기 위해서는 자아존중감, 조직몰입과 변혁적 리더십을 높일 수 있는 효율적인 교육 및 중재프로그램 개발이 필요하다.

Keywords

References

  1. K. A. Kim, "A Study on the Factors Related to Smoking and Smoking Conditions among College Students in Some Area", Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 465-476, 2016. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2016.17.8.465
  2. Ministry of Health & Welfare, Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. Korea health statistics 2015: Korea national health and nutrition examination survey, Sejong, Ministry of Health & Welfare, 2016.
  3. Mi, Y., "The study of changing smoking status and related factors before and after joining military service" Master's Thesis, Yonsei University, Seoul, 2016.
  4. Carlson, Linda E., et al., "Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness-Based Cancer Recovery Versus Supportive Expressive Group Therapy for Distressed Survivors of Breast Cancer (MINDSET)", Journal of clinical oncology, vol. 31, no. 25, pp. 3119-3126, 2013. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2012.47.5210
  5. E. K. Kim, M. R. Song, "An Analysis of the Characteristics and Preferences Related to a Smoking Cessation Program among Smoking College Students", Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 184-192, 2013. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7586/jkbns
  6. J. S. Kim, "A Study on Improving Leadership thorough analizing the Educational Program for the Reserve Officers' Training Corps(ROTC) Cadets", Korean Research Institute for Strategy, vol. 68, pp. 155-188, 2016.
  7. N. S. Nam, J. J. Kim, "The Effects of Basic Military Training on Physical Fitness and Self-Efficacy of R.O.T.C. Students", Journal of korea society for wellness, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 371-378, 2011.
  8. S. I. Kim, "A Study on the Influence of Self-Esteem of Professional Soldiers on Marital Satisfaction, Marital Stability, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment", Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Baeseok University, Cheonan, 2014.
  9. J. J. Young, W. S. Yun, "The Influence of Self-Esteem and Self-Efficacy on the Degree of Transformational Leadership of ROTC Cadets, and Correlations", International Journal of Adult & Continuing Education, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 185-209, 2011.
  10. J. S. Jung, "A study on the Effect of Transformational leadership on Organizational Commitmentin ROTC", Master's Thesis, Ajou University, Suwon, 2012.
  11. Bass, B. M., "Two decades of research and develop ment in transformational leadership", European Journal of Work and organizational psychology, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 9-32, 1999. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/135943299398410
  12. S. L. Lee, E. K. Go, J. H. Choi, "Smoking Condition of Students in Dental Hygiene and Relations with Self-Esteem in a Local District" Journal of Korean Society of Dental Hygiene, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 123-133, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13065/jksdh.2012.12.1.123
  13. S. K. Roh, Y. S. Choi, "Effect of Smoking on the Physical Fitness and Cardiorespiratory Function in University Male Students", Journal of Korean Society for the Study of Physical Education, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 231-238, 2013.
  14. S. S Ahn, C. S. Kim, S. H. Choi, "Influence of Depression, Anxiety and Stress-Coping Aspect upon Smoking Desire of Undergraduates, according to Their Lifestyles", The Korean Journal of Health Management, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 205-218, 2012.
  15. Army Cadet Military School Evaluation guideline, Army Cadet Military School, pp. 1-50, May 4, 2016.
  16. Rogenberg, M., "Society and the Adolescent Self-Image", Princeton New Jersey : Princeton University Press, 1965.
  17. B. Y. Jang, "Effects of the Significant Other's and Self-respect on Drinking and Smoking Intention among High School Athletes", Dankook University, Master's Thesis, Gyeonggi-do, 2007.
  18. J. H. An, "Study on Morale and Absorption of organization : Focused on the Reformable Leadership and the Transactional Leadership", Master's Thesis, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 2010.
  19. J. M. Kim, "Influences toward ROTC Candidates' Satisfactions of the Job and Organizational Commitments by the Instructors' Types of Leadership", Master's Thesis, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 2012.
  20. Avolio, B. J., Bass, B. M., Zhu, F. W. W., "Multi factor Leadership Questionnaire: Manual and Sampler Set", Redwood City, CA: Mind Garden, 2004.
  21. E. J. Sung, K. A. Kim, "The Influence of Transformational Leadership on the degree of Psychological Well-Being of Undergraduates" Korean Journal of Youth Studies, vol. 17, no. 9, pp. 61-82, 2010.
  22. Conway, T. L., Cronan, T. A., "Smoking, exercise, and physical fitness", Preventive medicine, vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 723-734, 1992. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0091-7435(92)90079-W
  23. E. H. Ko, "Effects of Body Components, the Risk Fators of Cardiovascular System and the Health Fitness between Exercise Smoking and Non-exercise Non-smoking Groups in Men", Kook-Min University, Master's Thesis, Seoul, 2009.
  24. H. J. Soh, "Exploring Young Adult Smokers' Cognitive Structure of Smoking Behavior for Effective Anti-smoking Communication Campaign Messages", The Korean Journal of Advertising, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 77-96, 2012.
  25. J. H. Lee, "The Effects of Family Strengths and Self-Esteem on Smoking Behavior of Adolescents" Kaya University, Master's Thesis, Gimhae, 2017.
  26. Schnoll, R. A., Martinez, E., Tatum, K. L., Glass, M., Bernath, A., Ferris, D., & Reynolds, P. (2011). Increased self-efficacy to quit and perceived control over withdrawal symptoms predict smoking cessation following nicotine dependence treatment. Addictive behaviors, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 144-147, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.08.024
  27. S. Y. Kwon, W. I. Kim, "Relationship between Self-Efficacy and Adjustment to Military Life among Military Soldiers: Mediating Effect of Collective Efficacy in Organizational Committment" Korea Journal of Counseling, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 393-414, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15703/kjc.16.1.201502.393
  28. K. H. Lee, M. H. Yoo, "The effect of parent factor, peer attachment and self-esteem on mature career choice in adolescents", Korean Journal of Family Welfare, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 175-199, 2011.
  29. Britain, G. Healthy Lives, Healthy People: a Tobacco Control Plan for England. Department of Health, 2011.
  30. Oh, H., & Taylor, A. H., "Self-regulating smoking and snacking through physical activity", Health Psychology, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 349, 2014. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0032423
  31. Ussher, M. H., Taylor, A., Faulkner, G. "Exercise interventions for smoking cessation", Cochrane Database Systematic Reviews, 8, 2014. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002295.pub5