Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society (한국지반환경공학회 논문집)

Korean Geo-Environmental Society (한국지반환경공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Expansion of Terzaghi Arching Formula to Consider an Arbitrarily Inclined Sliding Surface and Examination of its Effect

  • Son, Moorak (Department of Civil Engineering, Daegu University)
  • Received : 2016.04.07
  • Accepted : 2016.06.09
  • Published : 2016.07.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study expanded Terzaghi arching formula, which assumed a vertical surface as a sliding surface, to consider an arbitrarily inclined surface as a sliding surface and examined the effect of a sliding surface. This study firstly developed a formula to expand the existing Terzaghi arching formula to consider an inclined surface as well as a vertical surface as a sliding surface under the downward movement of a trap door. Using the expanded formula, the effect of excavation, ground, and surcharge conditions on a vertical stress was examined and the results were compared with them from Terzaghi arching formula. The comparison indicated that the induced vertical stress was highly affected by the angle of an inclined sliding surface and the degree of influence depended on the excavation, ground, and surcharge conditions. It is expected that the results from this study would provide a better understanding of various arching phenomenon in the future.

Keywords

References

  1. Adachi, T., Kimura, M. and Kishida, K. (2003), Experimental study on the distribution of earth pressure and surface settlement through three-dimensional trapdoor tests, Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, Vol. 18, Issues 2-3, pp. 171-183, DOI: 10.1016/S0886-7798(03) 00025-7.
  2. Adachi, T., Kimura, M., Kishida, K., Kosaka, K. and Sakayama, Y. (1999), The mechanical behavior of tunnel interaction through three dimensional trapdoor tests (in Japanese), J. Geotech. Eng. JSCE 638/III-49, pp. 285-299.
  3. Bierbaumer, A. (1913), Die dimensionierung des tunnelmauerwerkes, Leipzig, W. Engelmann., 101p.
  4. Cain, W. (1916), Earth pressure, Retaining Walls and Bins, New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., pp. 218-238.
  5. Caquot, A. (1934), Equilibre des massifs Ii frottement interne, Paris, GauthierVillard, p. 558.
  6. Chau, H. Y. and Bolton, M. D. (2006), The use of centrifuge tests in the study of arching, Physical modeling in geotechnics, pp. 1075-1080.
  7. Chen, R. P., Huang, W. Y. and Tseng, C. T (2011), Stress redistribution and ground arch development during tunneling. Journal of tunneling and underground space technology, 26, pp. 228-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2010.06.012
  8. Chevalier, B. and Otani, J. (2010), 3-D arching effect in the trap-door problem: A comparison between X-ray CT scanning and DEM analysis, GeoFlorida 2010, pp. 570-579.
  9. Costa, Y. D., Zornberg, J. G., Bueno, B. S. and Costa, C. L. (2009), Failure mechanism in sand over a deep active trapdoor, J. of Geotech. Geoenviron. Engr., Vol. 135, No. 11, pp. 1741-1753. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000134
  10. Engesser, F. (1882), Uber den erddruck gegen innere stutzwande. deutsche bauzeitung, Vol. 16, pp. 91-93.
  11. Getzler, Z., Gellert, M. and Gellert, R. (1970), Analysis of arching pressures in ideal elastic soil, Journal of the Soil Mechanicsand Foundations Division, ASCE, Vol. 96, No. SM4, pp. 1357-1372.
  12. Koutsabeloulis, N. C. and Griffiths, D. V. (1989), Numerical modeling of the trapdoor problem, Geotechnique, Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 77-89. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1989.39.1.77
  13. Ladanyi, B. and Hoyaux, B. (1969), A study of the trapdoor problem in a granular mass, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 1-14, DOI: 10.1139/t69-001.
  14. Marston, A. (1930), The theory of external loads on closed conduits in the light of the latest experiments, Bulletin 96. Iowa State University Engineering Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa, pp. 1-36.
  15. McNulty, J. W. (1965), An experimental study of arching in sand, Ph.D. Thesis in Civil Engineering, University of Illinois, p. 671.
  16. Moradi, G. and Abbasnejad, A. (2013), The state of the art report on arching effect, Journal of Civil Engineering Research, Vol. 3, No. 5, pp. 148-161, DOI: 10.5923/j.jce.20130305.02.
  17. Nielson, F. D. (1966), Soil structure arching analysis of buried flexible structures, PhD Thesis, University of Arizona, faculty of Civil Engineering, p. 61.
  18. Ono, K. and Yamada, M. (1993), Analysis of the arching action in granular mass, Geotechnique 43, No. 1, pp. 105-120. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1993.43.1.105
  19. Paikowsky, S. G., DiRocco, K. J. and Xi, F. (1993), Interparticle contact force analysis and measurements using photoelastic techniques, 2nd International Conference on Discrete Element Methods, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, pp. 449-461.
  20. Pardo, G. S. and Saez, E. (2014), Experimental and numerical study of arching soil effect in coarse sand, Computers and Geotechnics, Vol. 57, pp. 75-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2014.01.005
  21. Sakaguchi, H. and Ozaki, E. (1992), Analysis of the formation of arches plugging the flow of granular materials, Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Discrete Element Method, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, pp. 153-163.
  22. Sardrekarimi, J. and Abbasnejad, A. R. (2010), Arching effect in fine sand due to base yielding, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 366-374, DOI: 10.1139/T09-107.
  23. Spangler, M. G. and Handy, R. L. (1982), Loads on underground conduits, Soil Engineering, New York, pp. 727-763.
  24. Terzaghi, K. (1943), Theoretical soil mechanics. John Wiley and Sons, New York, pp. 66-76.
  25. Vollmy, A. (1937), Eingebettete rohre, Mitt. Inst. Baustatik, Eidgen. Tech. Hochschule, Zurich, Mitt. No. 9, p. 151.